Anje Müller Gjesdal

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2024). Le pronom on en traduction – l’exemple de L’Opoponax de Monique Wittig. In Birkelund, Merete & Fernandez, Susana (Ed.), Nouvelles tendances de la romanistique scandinave / Nuevas tendencias de la romanística escandinava / Nuove tendenze della romanistica scandinava / Novas tendências da romanística escandinava . AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services. ISSN 978-87-7507-557-7. p. 635–647. doi: https:/doi.org/10.7146/aul.522.c294.
• Poudat, Céline; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Gjerstad, Øyvind (2023). Controverses du changement climatique : la représentation des paroles d’autrui dans les pages de discussion sur Wikipédia francophone et norvégien. Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies (BeLLS). ISSN 1892-2449. 13(1). doi: 10.15845/bells.v13i1.4013. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Résumé Le présent article se propose d’explorer l’encyclopédie collaborative Wikipédia au prisme de deux aspects ayant particulièrement intéressé Kjersti Fløttum au fil de ses travaux : (i) la crise climatique, qui sera abordée à travers le choix d’un corpus échantillonné comprenant des articles encyclopédiques et leurs pages de discussion associées. Notre corpus de travail contient les deux versions francophone et norvégienne des pages choisies ; en ce sens, il s’agit d’un corpus comparable qui nous permettra de mettre au jour des différences significatives tant dans le traitement et la mise en texte des contenus, que dans la nature des discussions menées; (ii) la pluralité de voix, plus précisément sous l’optique de la représentation du discours autre (RDA) développée par J. Authier-Revuz (2020), qui nous permettra d’analyser la représentation de la parole d’autrui et la polyphonie (Ducrot 1984, Nølke 2017), abordée dans le cadre de l’analyse de la négation polémique dans les contextes de RDA, ce qui nous permettra d’analyser l’expression de la controverse. Abstract This article explores the collaborative encyclopedia Wikipedia through the lens of two aspects that have particularly interested Kjersti Fløttum throughout her work: (i) the climate crisis, which will be examined through the analysis of a corpus of Wikipedia pages related to climate change as well as the relevant discussion pages. The corpus contains both French and Norwegian versions of the relevant pages; in this sense, it is a comparable corpus that allows us to shed light on differences both in the treatment and textualization of the contents, and in the nature of the discussions carried out; (ii) the plurality of voices, more specifically from the perspective developed by J. Authier-Revuz (2020) (la représentation du discours autre - RDA), which allows us to analyze the representation of the speech of others, and linguistic polyphony (Ducrot 1984, Nølke 2017), with a focus on polemic negation in contexts of RDA, which allows us to analyze the expression of controversy.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Andersen, Gisle (2022). Changing concepts of greenhouse gas expressions: Discursive specialization in parliamentary discourses on climate change. Discourse & Society. ISSN 0957-9265. doi: 10.1177/09579265221145394. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Global environmental change has provoked changes in how humans experience and perceive their relationship to nature. Such conceptual changes can be observed through language use, and specifically lexical change. This paper investigates how such changes manifest through an analysis of how the terms ‘greenhouse gas’, ‘climate gas’, ‘carbon’, and ‘CO2’ are used in the Norwegian parliament in the time period 1999–2019. We observe a discursive specialization where different discursive dimensions are linked to the different expressions, corresponding to different framings of climate change, including technological, economic, and moral perspectives. Importantly, there is a shift over time where the discursive division of labor between the expressions is consolidated and new framings emerge. We show that a more refined language of GHG expressions is a discursive resource that contributes to making sense of the multiple ways that climate change impacts society.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2022). Å finne sin egen stemme. «Skeiv» flerspråklighet i Fatima Daas’ La petite dernière. In Barstad, Guri Ellen; Opset, Barbro Bredesen & Vestli, Elin Nesje (Ed.), Fortellinger om migrasjon: Skandinavisk, tysk,- fransk- og spanskspråklig samtidslitteratur. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215065519. p. 177–193. doi: 10.18261/9788215065526-2022-08. Show summary

  I dette kapitlet analyseres skeiv flerspråklighet i Fatimas Daas’ roman La petite dernière. Romanen skildrer en ung kvinnes søken etter å forene religiøs og sosial tilhørighet i forstaden med sin lesbiske identitet. Vekslingen mellom fransk, arabisk, engelsk og latin bidrar til romanens fremstilling av fortellerens transnasjonale og lesbiske identitet, i tillegg til at den skaper en særegen estetisk effekt som del av en litterær montasjeteknikk.

• Jahnsen, Synnøve Økland; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Andersen, Gisle (2022). Om fremveksten av en ny forståelsesramme for arbeidslivet og kampen mot arbeidslivskriminalitet. Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift. ISSN 2535-2512. p. 8–24. doi: 10.18261/nost.6.5.2. Show summary

  Språket vi anvender for å snakke om kriminalitet på arbeidsmarkedet er i endring. I det siste tiårets offentlige debatter og politiske strategidokumenter ser vi en stor økning i bruken av begreper som «arbeidslivskriminalitet», «arbeidsmarkedskriminalitet», «arbeidsmiljøkriminalitet» og forkortelsen «a-krim» som synonymer for å beskrive nye former for kriminalitet og kriminalitetsbekjempelse. Artikkelen presenterer en eksplorativ studie av den språklige endringen og knytter den til fremveksten av en ny forståelsesramme for kriminalitet i arbeidslivet. Vi viser at det nye begrepsapparatet er suksessfullt i den forstand at det skaper bred oppslutning, på tvers av både tradisjonelle politiske skillelinjer og organisasjoner. Vi analyserer datasett bestående av medietekster og nasjonale styringsdokumenter og identifiserer store endringer i språket. Metodisk er artikkelen fundert i korpus-assistert diskursanalyse, hvor nøkkelord brukes som analytisk omdreiningspunkt for kvalitative og kvantitative analyser av materialet, for å identifisere utviklingstrekk i saksfeltet. Artikkelen argumenterer for at en analyse av begrepet «arbeidslivskriminalitet» er nyttig for å forstå politikkutvikling på feltet, og at trusselforståelsen som ligger til grunn har fungert samlende på tvers av den politiske eliten.

• Eide, Liv; Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2022). Intercultural Competence in the Foreign Language Classroom. Pedagogical Applications of Literary Texts on Migration and Exile. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. ISSN 0031-3831. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2022.2042842. Full text in Research Archive
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). For hvem ønsker vel å leve i huler? En utforskning av begrepet «bærekraftig utvikling» i norske stortingsdebatter (1998–2019). In Axelsson, Marcus & Opset, Barbro Bredesen (Ed.), Fortellinger om bærekraftig utvikling. Perspektiver for norskfaget. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 978-82-15-05008-9. p. 39–58. doi: https:/doi.org/10.18261/9788215050089-2021-02. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  «Bærekraftig utvikling» er ett av tre tverrfaglige tema i den nye læreplanen, og det er økende interesse for bærekraftpedagogikk både nasjonalt og internasjonalt. «Bærekraftig utvikling» må forstås i et samfunnsmessig perspektiv, og kapitlet viser hvordan begrepets meningsmangfold i stortingsdebattene kan uttrykke både vekstkritikk og status quo, og fungere avpolitiserende. «Bærekraftig utvikling» bør derfor suppleres med perspektiver fra økokritikken og andre kritiske perspektiver på miljøproblemet. Nøkkelord: bærekraftig utvikling, korpusassistert diskursanalyse, stortingsdebatter, bærekraftdidaktikk

• Andersen, Gisle; Fløttum, Kjersti; Carbou, Guillaume & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). People’s Conceptions and Valuations of Nature in the Context of Climate Change. Environmental Values. ISSN 0963-2719. 31(4), p. 397–420. doi: 10.3197/096327121X16328186623850. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper investigates how people conceive and evaluate nature through language, in a climate change context. With material consisting of 1,200 answers to open-ended questions in nationally representative surveys in Norway, we explore what semantic roles and values the respondents attribute to nature as well as to how they interact with the public debate about climate change. We observe that different conceptions and valuations of nature are tied to different perspectives on the climate change issue: some address the responsibilities of causing climate change, others its consequences, and others yet its potential solutions. The study provides knowledge about the variety of conceptions of nature that can be mobilised by individuals and suggests that policy measures and public communication could benefit by taking this diversity into account.

• Fløttum, Kjersti; Gjerstad, Øyvind & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Natur og menneske i et språklig klimaperspektiv. Oslo Studies in Language (OSLa). ISSN 1890-9639. 12(1), p. 39–60. doi: 10.5617/osla.8906. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Med utgangspunkt i et klimaperspektiv undersøker vi i denne artikkelen hvordan nordmenn uttrykker sine meninger om og sitt forhold til den fysiske naturen. Med et materiale i hovedsak hentet fra representative spørreundersøkelser, bestående av svar på åpne spørsmål, stiller vi to spørsmål: 1) hvilken rolle tillegges natur og menneske som årsak til klimaendringer, og 2) hvilken plass har naturen i folks liv og levemåte som et argument for livsstilsendringer. Teoretisk plasserer analysene seg innenfor lingvistisk polyfoni og leksikalsk semantikk. Studien belyser den betydelige kompleksiteten i klimaspørsmålet og peker på de mange spørsmål og valg knyttet til forholdet menneske-natur som deltakerne i vårt demokratiske samfunn må ta stilling til.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Kristiansen, Marita (2021). Communicating Natural Events. Emerging Terminology across Corpora, Termes en discours. Entreprises et organisations . Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle. ISSN 978-2-37906-067-0. p. 179–193. Show summary

  Recent years have seen an increase in the frequency of adverse events such as drought, floods and extreme weather. In Norway, this has led to an increased effort by public authorities responsible for emergency response and hence the publication of several official white papers on the issue. The increase in adverse events also has an impact on businesses, both directly by affecting their operations and indirectly through legislative changes in order to either mitigate or adapt to these natural events. The chapter presents a study of how this challenge is reflected in two corpora, i.e. national policy reports and corporate annual reports, respectively. The purpose is to see how the issue of natural events and threats related to them is communicated. In particular, the chapter presents a mapping of emergence of terminology related to the concept of natural event as such, as well as the closely related concept of risk.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). We found love in a hopeless place: Exilic agency and translingual practice in Jonas Carpignano’s Mediterranea. In Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (Ed.), Transnational Narratives of Migration and Exile Perspectives from the Humanities. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215042428. doi: 10.18261/9788215042428-2021-03. Full text in Research Archive
• Andersen, Gisle & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2020). Karbonsnakk – hva snakker vi om når vi bruker begrepet «karbon»? Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0800-336X. 37, p. 163–178. doi: 10.18261/issn.1504-3053-2020-02-07. Show summary

  Språket som brukes for å snakke om klimaproblemet, er i endring. Ulike «karbonuttrykk» som «grønt karbon», «karbonbudsjett» og «karbonfangst» har det siste tiåret blitt stadig mer brukt i norske stortingsdebatter. I artikkelen analyserer vi bruken av karbonuttrykk i samtlige norske stortingsdebatter mellom 1999 og 2018, og knytter bruken til ulike meningsdimensjoner i klimadebatten. Vi finner at «karbon» særlig blir brukt i en rekke nye ord og vendinger, og dette kan tolkes som et uttrykk for at klimaspørsmål i økende grad blir knyttet til en ubalanse i naturens karbonsyklus. Dette har konsekvenser for hva som er gode argumenter, og hvordan klimapolitikk blir begrunnet.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2020). Fra “fransk feminisme” til norsk kjønnsforskning. En eksplorativ studie av tekst og terminologi i Pax forlags franske sakprosautgivelser (1990-2000). Sakprosa. ISSN 1502-6000. doi: 10.5617/sakprosa.5616. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Sammendrag På 1990-tallet var Norge preget av en sterk vekst i studentkullene, og en styrking av humanioras stilling. Dette førte til et godt marked for oversatte sakprosautgivelser, og en gyllen alder for Pax Forlag. Artikkelen undersøker i hvilken grad denne perioden satte spor etter seg i norsk fagspråk innen de humanistiske fagene, eksemplifisert med kjønnsforskning. Artikkelen presenterer en eksplorativ og kvalitativ studie av termen ‘kjønn’, ved å sammenlikne et utvalg sakprosaoversettelser fra fransk utgitt på Pax Forlag med terminologi for kjønnsforskning, som er utviklet av relevante fagmiljøer i samarbeid med Språkrådet. I tillegg undersøker artikkelen Delphys (1996) tese om at “fransk feminisme” er en nordamerikansk oppfinnelse som gir en unyansert fremstilling av feministisk teori og praksis i Frankrike. Materialet er hentet fra Nasjonalbibliotekets digitale samlinger. Den eksplorative studien viser at det i noen grad er samsvar mellom Pax-utgivelsene og dagens kjønns-forskningsterminologi, og at Pax-utgivelsene skiller seg ut når det gjelder fokus på seksualitet. Selv om det analyserte materialet er begrenset, tyder studien på at de franske sakprosaoversettelsene har hatt begrenset påvirkning på dagens terminologi.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Kristiansen, Marita (2019). Climate at risk. The financial turn in corporate climate change communication. Cahiers de praxématique. ISSN 0765-4944. doi: 10.4000/praxematique.5912. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The present article examines the linguistic aspects of climate change through a terminological analysis of the emerging concept of climate risk. The overall aim is to investigate emergent terminology and the evolution of the concept through a qualitative analysis of a set of international policy and think tank documents, as well as to provide an analysis of relevant Norwegian documents covering three text genres (policy documents, think tank reports, corporate annual reports). Our findings are in line with recent research that stresses the increased importance of risk in climate change communication. Our study also provides further knowledge about how the concept of climate risk has changed to include a widened risk perspective beyond that of natural disasters, including that of business risk. Next, the focus on the impact of climate change on business points to a reconceptualisation of climate change governance where responsibility is increasingly shifted from the sphere of policy makers, international organisations, and politicians to the private sector. Third, our analysis suggests that while the emergent concept of climate risk emphasises the financial risk that climate change poses to businesses, the impact on nature, the environment and humans is less visible in the texts.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Mémoire transculturelle et discours multimodaux sur la migration - une analyse exploratoire de l’exemple de la « Jungle » de Calais. Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies (BeLLS). ISSN 1892-2449. 10(1). doi: 10.15845/bells.v10i1.1485. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract: Recent trends in patterns of mobility, and specifically the spatial exclusion of exiles into detention centers and camps, point to an urgent need to re-examine different forms of narratives on migration and exile, and to the representation of transcultural memory in these settings. The article presents a qualitative and exploratory analysis of the visual and linguistic representation of the orthodox church in the Calais “Jungle”. The findings suggest that the representation of the church contributes to the construction of a collective memory, and that recurrent linguistic and visual formulae, or topoï, such as shared traditions and respect for the sacred, contribute to the commemorative function of the texts and images that represent the church. In addition, the analyses indicate that the commemorative function of the church contributes to the development of innovative modes of contestation and solidarity with the exiles.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Travelling Toponymy. The contribution of place names to the textual representation of place and memory in Abdellah Taïa’s Une mélancolie Arabe. Borderlands e-journal. ISSN 1447-0810. 18(1). Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Narratives of exile and migration pose important questions related to the role of language in the representation of space, both that of home and away as well as sites of transit. This article argues that the textualisation of space is a central strategy for representing these spaces as place, i.e. as the site and product of lived experience, and that toponyms, place names are an important linguistic tool in this respect. The article draws on critical place name studies in order to examine the political and emotional aspects of place names in narratives of exile and migration. To do so, it examines the role of place names in Abdellah Taïa’s novel Une mélancolie Arabe, a text where place names play an important role, as the protagonist navigates between his native Morocco, his adopted city Paris, and Cairo, capital of the Arab world; and where the names of the cities come to function as symbolic representations of home and freedom. The use of place names thus becomes ameans of recreating places that may be geographically distant, but emotionally close. Moreover, the close relations the text establishes between place names on the one hand, and emotions and affect on the other, give reason to reconsider the textual and mnemonic functions of place names.

• Fløttum, Kjersti; Gjerstad, Øyvind & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Future and climate: representations of the future in French language blogs related to climate change. . Mots: Les langages du politique. ISSN 0243-6450. 119. doi: 10.4000/mots.24270. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article investigates how the future is perceived in blogs related to climate change, extracted from the corpus NTAP (Networks of Text and People). The analysis, mainly undertaken in a lexical perspective, focuses on the periods 2009-2010 and 2013-2014. The results show that the negative and pessimistic perspectives are clearly more prevalent than the positive and optimistic ones.

• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2018). Heteroglossic Masculinities: Multilingualism in Armée du salut and Princesa. Neophilologus: An International Journal of Modern and Mediaeval Language and Literature. ISSN 0028-2677. doi: 10.1007/s11061-018-9585-5. Full text in Research Archive
• Kristiansen, Marita & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2018). Lexical Dynamism and Language Planning. The Case of the Climate Change Subject Field in Norwegian. In Roche, Christophe (Eds.), TOTh 2017. Éditions de l'Université Savoie Mont Blanc. ISSN 978-2-919732-80-7. p. 235–246.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Eide, Liv (2017). Migrantnarrativer som interkulturell døråpner? En pilotanalyse av læreverktekster i fransk, italiensk og spansk. Acta Didactica Norge. ISSN 1504-9922. 11(1), p. 1–21. doi: 10.5617/adno.3915. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Sammendrag Artikkelen tar opp fremmedspråkenes formidling av interkulturell kompetanse, og hvordan denne er knyttet til skolens samlede danningsprosjekt. Artikkel-forfatterne diskuterer hvordan migrantnarrativer kan brukes som inngangs-portal til utviklingen av interkulturell kompetanse, og hvordan disse narrativ-ene, gjennom å presentere det pedagogen Gerhard Neuner kaller universelle sosiokulturelle erfaringer, er egnet som materiale for perspektivforflytning og evnen til å se “den andre”, som er sentrale begrep innenfor det interkulturelle undervisningsparadigmet. Tidligere forskning har vist at fremmedspråkenes læremidler i begrenset grad benytter seg av det potensialet som ligger i arbeidet med interkulturell kompetanse knyttet til språkområdene. Artikkelforfatterne har derfor foretatt analyser av læreverktekster i fransk, spansk og italiensk, valgt ut på grunnlag av forståelsen av migrantnarrativer som særlig egnet for å jobbe med denne typen kompetanse. De undersøkte tekstene representerer ulike sider ved migrant-narrativer (estetisk, kulturelt og historisk), men krever en grad av kontekstuali-sering for å kunne fungere som døråpnere for interkulturell kompetanse. Nøkkelord: interkulturell kompetanse, universelle sosiokulturelle erfaringer, fremmedspråkundervisning, migrantnarrativer

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Samdal, Gunn Inger Lyse (2016). Exploring an environmental neologism in Norwegian across corpora. Neologica. ISSN 1965-2542. 10, p. 39–57. Show summary

  Environmental neologisms demonstrate the influence that political debates have in generating new words. In this article, we account for the case of det grønne skiftet ('the green shift') which has shown greatly increasing frequency over the last few years. While frequency as a criterion was already used in past studies, we propose to use the spread of an expression across domains as a criterion for neologicity. Analyses based on corpus data are more reliable than approaches based on dictionaries or on native speakers' intuition.The article presents a case study relying on public sources as well as the Norwegian Newspaper Corpus, now searchable via CLARINO, the Norwegian contribution to CLARIN, a European project for language tools and resources. KEYWORDS – Environmental neologism, Norwegian, CLARINO, frequency profiling

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). The infinite present. The pronoun on and the present tense in L’excès – l’usine by Leslie Kaplan. In Gardelle, Laure & Sorlin, Sandrine (Ed.), The Pragmatics of Personal Pronouns. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISSN 9789027259363. p. 259–274. doi: 10.1075/slcs.171.13gje.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Tveit, Håkon (2015). Mangfold i læreplan for fremmedspråk. Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-2052. p. 256–267.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Gjerstad, Øyvind (2015). Web 2.0 et genres discursifs : l’exemple de blogs sur le changement du climat. Synergies Pays Scandinaves. ISSN 1901-3809. p. 49–61. Full text in Research Archive
• Fløttum, Kjersti; Gjerstad, Øyvind; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Koteyko, Nelya & Salway, Andrew (2014). Representations of the future in English language blogs on climate change. Global Environmental Change. ISSN 0959-3780. 29, p. 213–222. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.10.005. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper investigates how the notion of future is represented in a large corpus of English-language blogs related to climate change, with an overarching interest in exploring to what extent the perspectives of gloom-and-doom versus more positive perspectives of a sustainable society are represented. We address the following questions: (1) How are representations of the future expressed linguistically in public debates related to climate change? (2) What meanings do the representations convey? Our principal contribution is a set of nine meaning categories that characterize different representations of the future: the categories were derived by following a corpus-assisted discourse analysis approach. Within these categories, the large presence of characterisations related to sustainability, as well as frequent positive value-laden characterisations, are noteworthy. Representa- tions reflect various perspectives of a future for humanity, for nature, and for countries as well as for economies. Further, we have found that when climate change is viewed as a threat, it is in relation to nature, humans and security, while it is seen as an opportunity for growth in business and industry. The results provide knowledge on how people conceive the possible impacts of global climate and environmental change within two broad perspectives of a ‘‘gloom-and-doom’’ versus a ‘‘bright’’ future. This may contribute to an improved basis for political decision making on measures in order to avoid dangerous consequences as well as to encourage engagement in the shift toward a low-carbon future.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Fløttum, Kjersti (2014). Conceptualisations de la notion du futur dans les blogs portant sur les changements de climat. Revue Française de Linguistique Appliquée. ISSN 1386-1204. XIX(1), p. 33–48. doi: 10.3917/rfla.191.0033.
• Cardona, Margrete Dyvik; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Didriksen, Anders Alvsåker (2014). Korpusbasert undervisning i fremmedspråkene: La elevens nysgjerrighet sette dagsorden. Acta Didactica Norge. ISSN 1504-9922. 8(2). doi: 10.5617/adno.1127.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2013). ‘Europe’ entre continent et vision politique : L’interprétation du nom propre modifié dans un corpus de discours politique. In Lagorgette, Dominique & Larrivée, Pierre (Ed.), Représentations du sens linguistique 5. Université de Savoie. ISSN 978-2-919732-15-9. p. 349–364.

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• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Transnational Narratives of Migration and Exile Perspectives from the Humanities. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788215042428.

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• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2024). Giving voice to the Afropean experience: Léonora Miano’s Écrits pour la parole and Ce qu’il faut dire.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2024). 'La chair' på norsk. Om Merleau-Ponty, Cassin og det "uoversettelige".
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2024). Changing Nature – om nyord som inngang til samfunnsdebatt om natur og miljø.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Eide, Liv & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2024). Multilingualism and plurilingualism in beginner textbooks in foreign language subjects.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2023). Deling av forskningsdata i DataverseNO: Gull verdt for alle .
• Andersen, Gisle; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Hofland, Knut & Kristiansen, Marita (2023). Norges offentlige utredninger (NOU) 1998-2017. Show summary

  This data set contains the Official Norwegian Reports (Norges offentlige utredninger, NOU) that were published in the time period 1998-2017. The files have been retrieved in the context of the research project "Changing Nature. A lexical and argumentative analysis of public debates on nature (1998-2017)", funded by the Research Council of Norway. The identification of the NOUs was made possible by a register of NOUs made by the research project "Expertization of public inquiry commissions? Democracy and good governance in a Europeanized administrative order", funded by the Research Council of Norway. (2023-02-23)

• Grønn, Berit; Blå, Berit Hope; Brkan-Masud, Altijana & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2023). Flerspråklighet i et nettbasert tilbud i fremmedspråk for grunnskolelærerutdanningen .
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Eide, Liv (2023). Flerspråklighet og språklig variasjon i læreverk for fremmedspråk.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2023). Let the mountains live. Interdiscursivity in struggles over decarbonisation in Sápmi/Norway.
• Kristiansen, Marita; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Andersen, Gisle & Hofland, Knut (2023). Om nyord på natur- og miljøfeltet – en korpusbasert tilnærming.
• Hagemann, Kristin; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Solfjeld, Kåre (2023). Forord - Gleden ved grammatikk. ELLA – Education, Literature, Language – Utdanning, litteratur, språk. ISSN 2704-0968. doi: 10.58215/ella.26.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Eide, Liv; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Maul, Valentina (2023). Representations of Gender in Foreign Language Textbooks for Secondary School in Norway. Show summary

  Representations of gender in foreign language textbooks for secondary school in Norway For many students of foreign languages, the textbook represents their first meeting with the target language. In the best case, the textbook, like literature, can be both a window and a mirror, as stated by Bishop (1990): When lighting conditions are just right, however, a window can also be a mirror. Literature transforms human experience and reflects it back to us, and in that reflection we can see our own lives and experiences as part of the larger human experience. Reading, then, becomes a means of self-affirmation, and readers often seek their mirrors in books. While textbooks at their best may be a window and a mirror, they may also be an important site for the representation and reproduction of ideas about gender that may be stereotypical and cis- and heteronormative (Ranchon, 2017; Demirel, 2018). As a consequence it is interesting to investigate the representation of gender as well as to propose alternatives. This paper presents a study of the representation of gender in introductory textbooks in French, German, Italian and Spanish used in secondary school in Norway. First, we analyze the visual representation of gender in the textbooks quantitatively and qualitatively. Preliminary results show an equal distribution between men and women in the images used in the textbooks, while the qualitative analysis shows that there is reproduction of gender stereotypes. The representation of non-binary identity is close to non-existent. Second, we analyze references (or the absence thereof) to recent efforts towards a more inclusive language that are taking place in the four languages (écriture inclusive, lenguaje inclusivo, italiano inclusivo, Geschlechtergerechte Sprache). Finally, we argue for the necessity of including representations of gender that are non-binary or non-identifiable in order to act as window and mirror for students of foreign languages. We illustrate the argument with examples from our data, that may serve as examples of good practice for foreign language teaching. References Bishop, R. S. (1990). Mirrors, windows, and sliding glass doors. Perspectives: Choosing and Using Books for the Classroom, 6 (3). Perspectives: Choosing and Using Books for the Classroom, 6(3), ix-xi. Demirel, Y. J. (2018). Rette lærebøker? En undersøkelse av skeiv tematikk og LHBTQ-representasjon i norsklærebøkene for videregående skole. Upublisert masteroppgave, Universitetet i Bergen Gomolka, C. J. (2021). Queer Pedagogy for a Queer (er) Francophone Classroom. In E. Nicole Meyer, E. N. & Hoft-March, E. (red.) Teaching Diversity and Inclusion (pp. 11-21). Routledge. Knisely, K. A., & Paiz, J. M. (2021). Bringing trans, non-binary, and queer understandings to bear in language education. Critical Multilingualism Studies, 9(1), 23-45. Ranchon, G. (2017). « Une didactique de la langue, de la culture, et du genre. Le manuel de FLE : discours et réalisations », GLAD!http://journals.openedition.org/glad/550 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/glad.550

• Andersen, Gisle; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Hofland, Knut & Kristiansen, Marita (2023). Building a set of digital corpora and data sets to examine the discursive representation of nature and environmental change. Show summary

  As environmental change accelerates and increasingly impacts more aspects of our lives, understanding how people make sense of these phenomena becomes ever more important. How is knowledge about nature represented and negotiated in order to allow for public debate and political action? This paper presents results from Changing Nature: A lexical and argumentative analysis of public debates on nature, a research project funded by the Research Council of Norway that examines the relationship between nature and language change in Norway in the time period 1998-2019. The analytical focus of the project is on the relationship between language change and conceptual change in the environmental domain and specifically of the contribution of neology to public debate (for an overview, see Andersen & Gjesdal, 2020; Gjesdal & Kristiansen, 2021). In order to investigate this topic, the project has developed a set of relevant digital corpora and data sets. This paper describes the collection and construction of these resources, based on methodologies developed previously by members of the research team (Andersen & Hofland, 2012; Losnegaard et al., 2013). The first data set is the Naturen corpus. Naturen is a popular science journal which was founded in 1877, and it is the oldest popular science journal in Norway. The second data source is a data set of NOU reports which has been compiled in the context of the Changing Nature project. The data set consists of all the NOUs from 1998-2017, 669 reports in total. The NOUs cover a range of issues that are deemed to be timely and topical by decision makers, as they are written by expert committees at the request of a ministry. Thus, they also discuss crucial issues related to nature and the environment in this period. Finally, we present a word list of environmental neologisms derived from the data sets. The paper will present the resources that have been developed in the project as well as a pilot study to demonstrate the interest of combining different data sets to examine the interaction of lexical change and language change in the environmental domain. We compare neologisms in the two corpora from the domains of climate change and biodiversity with a view of how they differ quantitatively and qualitatively (collocations, patterns of neology formation). References Andersen G and Gjesdal AM (2020) Karbonsnakk – hva snakker vi om når vi bruker begrepet «karbon»? Nytt norsk tidsskrift 37(2): 163-178. Andersen, G., & Hofland, K. (2012). Building a large corpus based on newspapers from the web. In G. Andersen (Ed.), Exploring Newspaper Language - Using the web to create and investigate a large corpus of modern Norwegian (pp. 1-30). John Benjamins Publishing. Gjesdal AM and Kristiansen M (2021) Communicating Natural Events. Emerging Terminology across Corpora In: V. Delavigne V and De Vecchi DD (eds) Termes en discours. Entreprises et organisations. Paris: Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle. Losnegaard, G. S. et al. (2013). Linking Northern European infrastructures for improving the accessibility and documentation of complex resources. Proceedings of the workshop on Nordic language research infrastructure at NODALIDA 2013. NEALT Proceedings Series 20 / Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 89: 44–59.

• Andersen, Gisle; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Hofland, Knut & Kristiansen, Marita (2023). Miljønyord fra prosjektet Changing Nature (1998-2018). Show summary

  This data set contains a file containing neologisms related to the subject fields of nature and the environment extracted from fours data sets (the Naturen corpus, the forskning.no corpus, NOU reports and verbatim reports from the Norwegian Parliament) in the time period 1998-2018. The neologisms were extracted automatically and analysed manually to identify neologisms related to nature and the environment. The data set "Changing Nature_original list 1869 environmental neologisms" contains 1869 neologisms from the nature and environment subject fields. The data set is licensed under CC0.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2023). Måtehold har blitt et fransk svar på energi­krisen. www.forskning.no.
• Eide, Liv & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2022). Mangfoldsperspektiver i læremidler for fremmedspråksfagene.
• Eide, Liv; Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Maul, Valentina & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2022). Fremstilling av kjønn i lærebøker for begynnere i fransk, italiensk, spansk og tysk.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2022). Translingual practice in Jenny and Alberta and Freedom. Show summary

  The paper explores translingual practice in two early Twentieth century novels about Norwegian female artists in exile, Sigrid Undset’s Jenny (1911) and Cora Sandel’s Alberte og friheten (Alberta and Freedom, 1931). Both novels explore the female artist’s experience of the metropolis and contain multiple instances of translingual practice or code-switching, both in the protagonists’ interaction with the urban environment as well as with the Scandinavian exile communities they are a part of. The paper focuses on the contribution of translingual practice to the textual representation of gender and racialisation. How is code-switching embedded in the literary texts? And how do the novels’ translingual practice put forth questions of identity and belonging, differences and markedness in the two novels? The interaction of translingual practice, exile and migration has been extensively studied (i.e. Blackledge & Creese, 2017; Canagarajah & Silberstein, 2012; Gjesdal, 2021; Skalle, 2021) yet connections to racialisation and specifically the representation of whiteness and Scandinavian identity have been less explored. By contextualizing the female protagonists in the metropolises of Rome and Paris, the two novels we analyse demonstrate the uneasy interaction of gender and racialisation, and translingual practice is, as we will show, a site where this becomes visible.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2022). L’Opoponax de Monique Wittig et sa traduction norvégienne : éléments textuels et paratextuels. Show summary

  L’Opoponax (1964), le premier roman de Monique Wittig, a été traduit en norvégien en 1965 sous le titre de Opoponax. Ce roman vise à rendre la perspective féminine universelle au moyen du pronom on dont le caractère épicène permet de transcendre la binarité entre le masculin et le féminin inhérent aux pronoms il et elle. Or, étant donné que le pronom on dérive sa valeur sémantique et discursive du système pronominal français en tant que totalité, cette stratégie pronominale peut poser des défis à la traduction vers le norvégien. Dans cette intervention, nous analyserons les stratégies mises en œuvre dans la traduction (pronoms personnels, constructions passives, les pronoms man et en) et les effets potentiels sur le projet idéologique et esthétique de Monique Wittig. En outre, nous ajouterons une analyse des facteurs paratextuels pour compléter l’analyse de la traduction du pronom on. Opoponax a été publié par Gyldendal dans la collection prestigieuse Gyldendals Gule serie et à l’époque ce roman a été lu comme un représentant du nouveau roman. Par la suite, l’interrogation linguistique de Wittig s’est développé plus explicitement vers un féminisme matérialiste et radical reconnu en France et peut-être surtout aux États-Unis, sous la forme des romans et écrits théoriques. Dans quelle mesure ce développement ultérieur de l’œuvre de Wittig doit-il être pris en compte dans l’analyse de la réception et de la traduction de ce roman ?

• Fredheim, Nina Skajaa & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Her er ordene som styrer klimakampen. [Internet]. forskning.no.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Ord og uttrykk «styrer» klimakampen. [Internet]. Podkasten "Forskningsprek", Høgskolen i Østfold.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). NOU-en som sjanger: nyordsutvikling og språklig dynamikk i formidlingen av ekspertkunnskap. Show summary

  Norges offentlige utredninger (NOU) er en rapportserie som gir kunnskapsgrunnlag for politisk debatt og beslutninger på ulike saksfelt. NOU-ene skrives av ekspertutvalg, og er dermed en viktig kanal for formidling av ekspertkunnskap i den offentlige debatten.Tidligere forskning har vist at NOU-ene er svært språklig produktive, og at de er en viktig kilde til nyords- og terminologiutvikling for norsk. Nyordsutviklingen fungerer også som en form for politisk barometer, som gjenspeiler politiske og idémessige strømninger i samtiden, og i den grad nyordene plukkes opp og sprer seg til andre sjangrer blir NOU-enes språklige dynamikk i sin tur en viktig premissleverandør for innrammingen og forståelsen av viktige samfunnsspørsmål. I dette innlegget presenterer jeg en korpuslingvistisk studie av nyordsdannelse i NOU-ene i perioden 1998-2018, med fokus på natur- og miljøfeltet. Studien gir et overblikk over viktige tematiske trender i perioden, og bidrar med ny kunnskap om nyordsdanning og leksikalsk dynamikk som viktige språklige trekk ved denne sjangeren.

• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Introduction. In Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (Ed.), Transnational Narratives of Migration and Exile Perspectives from the Humanities. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215042428. doi: 10.18261/9788215042428-2021-00.
• Kartevold, Siri & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2021). Thinking Critically through Cinema. Developing Critical Thinking through the Foreign Languages’ Focus on Plurilingualism and Intercultural Competence.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller; Eide, Liv & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2020). Middelhavet.Migrasjonsnarrativer som verktøy for flerspråklighet og interkulturell kompetanse i fremmedspråksfagene. Communicare - et fagdidaktisk tidsskrift fra Fremmedspråksenteret. ISSN 1893-1499. p. 24–27.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Translingual Practice and Literature – a challenge to Modern Languages?
• Eide, Liv; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2019). Migrasjonsnarrativer som vindu og speil. Bedre Skole. ISSN 0802-183X. p. 88–92.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Les récits de migration : un outil pour aborder la diversité linguistique et culturelle ? L’exemple de Mediterranea de Jonas Carpignano.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Les récits de migration : un outil pour aborder la diversité linguistique et culturelle ? L’exemple de Mediterranea de Jonas Carpignano.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Presentazione di progetto: Translingual Practices in Migrant Narratives.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Translingual practice in Jonas Carpignano's Mediterranea. Show summary

  Translingual Practice in Jonas Carpignano's Mediterranea Mediterranea is American-Italian film-maker Jonas Carpignano’s first feature-length film, and it tells the story of two young men as they make their way from Burkina Faso across the Mediterranean, to precarious living and working conditions in the South of Italy. The film is inspired by the experiences of the lead actor Koudous Seihon, and real-life events in the city of Rosarno, and has been widely praised as a nuanced portrait of contemporary migration (Appel, 2015; Schulz 2016). Shot in a naturalistic style, the film represents and problematizes the experience of migration through the lens of biographical narration, situated in the complex context of the present-day Mediterranean. According to Giuliani (2017), Mediterranea is part of a larger wave of films where the biographical and narrative forms allows for the articulation of critiques of contemporary regimes of mobility: "[…] the biographical narration of a collective dramatic phenomenon – originated by aspirations, wishes, hopes, and a subjective "right to escape" (Mezzadra, 2006) – becomes, […] a place of 'identification' through a shared experience – in the words of Paul Gilroy (2003) – of contestation, resistance, and subversion. These practices of decolonization contribute to a comprehensive pan-Mediterranean, transnational, intra-European mapping of micro-narrative of resistance.” (Giuliani, 2017, s. 13) In addition, Mediterranea connects with contemporary interest in linguistic heterogeneity as a crucial feature of contemporary mobility (Canut & Guellouz, 2018), as well as of the literary representation of migration and exile (Skalle & Gjesdal, 2019). The analytical focus of this paper is the encounter of the “micro-narrative of resistance” and linguistic heterogeneity in Mediterranea, and the paper argues that translingual practice (Canagarajah, 2017) is an important device in the biographical narration of Mediterranea. This hypothesis will be examined through a close-reading of the contribution of translingual practice in the representation of the agency of the main character, Ayiva, who speaks French, Italian, English, Mossi, Bissa and Asante as he navigates the journey from Burkina Faso to Rosarno. References Appel, Rebecca (2015). «In ‘Mediterranea,’ Two Migrants Speak for Many”, The New York Times, November 9, 2015; consulted May 21, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/10/movies/in-mediterranea-two-migrants-speak-for-many.html Canagarajah, Suresh. (2017). "Translingual practice as spatial repertoires: Expanding the paradigm beyond structuralist orientations." Applied Linguistics 39.1: 31-54. Canut, Cécile, and Mariem Guellouz. (2018). « Introduction. Langage et migration : état des lieux », Langage et société, vol. 165, no. 3, pp. 9-30. Giuliani, Gaia. (2017). "The Mediterranean of the refugees: For a reading of colonial implications in spatial imagination." Cescontexto-debates 18: 8-18. Schulz, Élisabeth (2016). « Jonas Carpignano, Mediterranea », Lectures [online], June 15, 2016; consulted May 20, 2019, http://journals.openedition.org/lectures/21006 Skalle, Camilla Erichsen, and Anje Müller Gjesdal. (2019). "Heteroglossic Masculinities: Multilingualism in Armée du salut and Princesa." Neophilologus 103.2: 145-160.

• Åsebø, Sigrun; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2019). Introduction - Travelling Narratives and Images in Times of Migration. Borderlands e-journal. ISSN 1447-0810. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Migrant narratives and aesthetic practices influenced by experiences of exile and migration constitute a growing field in contemporary art and literature. Current trends in migration and globalisation have led to an increase in travelling narratives, images and objects, and the production of aesthetic practices describing and problematising exile and migration, working in and through tradition. Migratory patterns and issues related to the protection of refugees and asylum seekers contribute to the strong societal impact of migrant aesthetics and narratives, but they also serve to explain the need for them as such, and the need to reexamine them. More than ever, we need to understand the experiences of exiles, migrants and refugees. The objective of this special issue is therefore to examine textual, material and visual expressions that represent, discuss and problematise migration

• Eide, Liv; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2019). Intercultural awareness and migration narratives.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Eide, Liv; Tveit, Håkon & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). "Middelhavet": Flerspråklighet og interkulturell kompetanse i fremmedspråksklasserommet. Show summary

  Filmen Middelhavet av Jonas Carpignano handler om to brødre, Ayiva og Abas, som vil ta seg fra hjemlandet Burkina Faso til Europa. Filmen vil være utgangspunktet for dette miniseminarets fokus på migrasjonsnarrativer og fremmedspråksundervisning: a) Filmen er et svært godt eksempel på de ressursene som ligger i det å være flerspråklig og flerkulturell, og vi ønsker å vise frem dette i parallell diskusjon med begreper som flerspråklighet, språkvariasjon og kulturmøter og deres plass i språkundervisning. b) Vi vil også diskutere hvordan migrasjonsfortellingen i filmen kan brukes i fremmedspråksklasserommet når man jobber med læreplanens punkt om interkulturell kompetanse.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2019). Vinduet eller døren. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Kristiansen, Marita (2018). Terminology and Crisis Management – the Case of Natural Events.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2018). Diskurs- og tekstanalyse.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Arve, Malin (2017). France after the elections.
• Kristiansen, Marita & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Lexical dynamism across genres of science popularisation: the case of climate change communication in Norwegian.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Migrantnarrativer og transkulturelle perspektiver i fremmedspråksfagene. Show summary

  De siste årene har vi sett en økt oppmerksomhet rundt spørsmål knyttet til eksil, migrasjon og mobilitet, både innen forskning og i samfunnet forøvrig. Samtidig skjer det en omfattende produksjon av kunstneriske, filmatiske og litterære uttrykk som på ulike vis tematiserer eksil og migrasjon. Erfaringer med migrasjon og eksil blir dokumentert, formidlet og problematisert i litteratur, film og billedkunst, og denne kunstneriske produksjonen er en viktig anledning til å revurdere fremmedspråksfagenes fokus, både forskningsmessig og didaktisk. Forskningsmessig er migrantnarrativer et viktig studieobjekt, både gjennom formale trekk, og gjennom tematisering av viktige problemstillinger, som kjønn, identitet og tilhørighet. Når det gjelder fremmedspråksdidaktikk kan migrantnarrativer være et viktig supplement til dagens lærebøker og kanon, fordi de fremviser den lerspråklige og multikulturelle virkeligheten i språkområdene. I denne presentasjonen vil jeg presentere forskergruppen Migrantnarrativer ved Universitetet i Bergen, en tverrfaglig forskergruppe bestående av didaktikere, lingvister og litteratur- og filmvitere. og gi eksempler fra vår pågående forskning innen franskspråklig og italienskspråklig litteratur.

• Cardona, Margrete Dyvik; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2017). Flerspråklighet er en berikelse. Bergens Tidende. ISSN 0804-8983.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). L'expérience de CLARINO - Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure Norway.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Circulation de discours multimodaux sur la migration - l’exemple de la «Jungle» de Calais . Show summary

  Anje Müller Gjesdal Ecole nationale des hautes études commerciales de Norvège Circulation de discours multimodaux sur la migration - l’exemple de la «Jungle» de Calais Depuis une dizaine d’années les médias sociaux se sont révélés des forums importants de la transmission des mémoires collectives, y compris dans le cas de la migration et de l’exil. Dans cette intervention, nous nous intéressons au cas du démantèlement de la « Jungle » de Calais qui a eu lieu en octobre 2016. Cet événement a été documenté entre autres à travers les médias sociaux où des militants et des associations ont tâché de produire une mémoire collective autour de l’évacuation du camp en mettant en ligne des images, des vidéos et des textes, ce qui constitue un matériau précieux pour l’analyse des récits sur les expériences de la migration et de l’exil. Or, les médias sociaux présentent des défis à l’analyse linguistique, en ce sens qu’ils représentent la cooccurrence de plusieurs modes sémiotiques (images, texte, vidéo), nécessitant une approche multimodale à leur analyse mais aussi en ce sens que ce matériau nécessite une réflexion éthique importante de la part des chercheurs. Dans cette intervention, nous nous interrogeons sur ces questions à travers d’une étude de cas de quelques pages Facebook documentant l’évacuation de la « Jungle ». Références Agier, Michel (2016). Les migrants et nous. Comprendre Babel. Paris : CNRS Editions. Assmann, Jan (1995). « Collective Memory and Cultural Identity ». In. New German Critique (65), pp. 125-133. Kress, Gunther (2010). Multimodality. A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. London : Routledge. Skalle, C. E., A. M. Gjesdal, H. Tveit (2015). “Mangfold i læreplan for fremmedspråk”. In. Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift (3-4) pp. 256-267.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Climate change terms in translation: terminology and indeterminacy in climate change communication .
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Kristiansen, Marita (2017). Dynamic terms across languages and domains. The case of Climate Change Communication. Show summary

  Climate change communication is a highly dynamic and interdisciplinary domain, spanning disciplines such as climatology, law, and social sciences, as well as scientific and political discourses and genres. This scientific and discursive complexity is likely to correspond to a lexical dynamism, as climate change communication is, relatively speaking, a recent phenomenon (Gjesdal & Lyse, 2016). Moreover, climate change discussions play out over a range of national, European and international contexts, further complicating the communication (Kristiansen, 2014). How does this interaction of contexts affect the translation and formation of climate change terms? Moreover, how does the terminology use vary across the discourses and genres? In this presentation, we will consider the formation and translation of climate change terms in Norwegian, using the concepts of mitigation and adaptation as a case. Norwegian is a relatively small language community, and has an established national language policy; however, little active language planning and terminology work is carried out. Norway is a major global player in petroleum production. At the same time, the country aims to play a role in climate change negotiations internationally (Fløttum & Espeland, 2014). The need for a climate change terminology in Norwegian is therefore urgent, for political as well as language planning reasons. A challenge in the Norwegian context is the transparency of terms, in order to assure the comprehension of terms across domains, e.g. scientific and political discourse, and across specialized and general discourses. In 2010, the Norwegian Language Council carried out a survey to see how well ten expressions used regularly in the on-going climate debate are understood in society in general (Norwegian Language Council, 2010). Whereas terms such as ‘global oppvarming’ (‘global warming’) were well understood, the survey indicated that less than 50 per cent of the respondents understood the terms ‘drivhuseffekt’ (‘greenhouse effect’) and ‘klimaskeptiker’ (‘climate sceptic’). The question of climate change terminology is therefore both urgent and timely. Consequently, the Norwegian Language Council is currently in the process of standardising climate change terminology for Norwegian, and has established an expert group to work on this project. However, a de facto process of terminologisation and secondary term formation has been ongoing for several decades. In this process, several major players can be identified. First, the Norwegian Environment Agency is an important agent in the process of climate change term formation, as it is responsible for the translation and dissemination of documents related to the UN efforts on climate change, as embodied by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Second, research communities related to climate change, in particular in the natural sciences are important players. Their efforts on term formation is also further disseminated to the general public via science popularisation. Political discourse, represented by parliamentary debates, is also an interesting outlet for climate change communication and inter alia for the dissemination of new terms. Finally, newspaper discourse is an interesting source in order to observe the eventual stabilisation of climate change terms. This entails the necessity of considering a wide range of materials and domains in the observation of term formation.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Fransk innvandringsdebatt i lys av valgkampen 2017.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). L’image dans la mémoire collective. L’exemple du démantèlement de la « Jungle de Calais » considéré dans l’optique de Warburg.
• Arve, Malin & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Mot jordskjelv i fransk politikk. Bergens Tidende. ISSN 0804-8983.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Tveit, Håkon & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2017). Migrantnarrativer som møtepunkt for fremmedspråksfagene. Show summary

  Hvordan kan migrantnarrativer brukes som et møtepunkt for fremmedspråkene fransk, italiensk og spansk, og for å jobbe med flerspråklighet og interkulturell kompetanse? I forelesningen tar vi utgangspunkt i filmen Middelhavet av Jonas Carpignano, som handler om to brødre på vei fra hjemlandet Burkina Faso til Europa. Filmen tematiserer betydningen av Middelhavet som Europas grense og hovedarena for dramatiske reiser i håp om et bedre liv, og går dermed rett inn i aktuelle debatter om den såkalte flyktningekrisen og integrering. Samtidig viser den betydningen av flerspråklighet og interkulturell kompetanse. Filmen er dermed et nyttig utgangspunkt for fagovergripende arbeid med fremmedspråkene.

• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). Intercultural Competence in Foreign Language Teaching. The Case of French and Italian Teaching in the Norwegian Context. Show summary

  Since the 90s, the development of intercultural competence has become increasingly prominent in modern language teaching (Byram & Zarate 1994, Hu & Byram 2009, Kramsch 1993, 2009). Language proficiency alone is not considered sufficient in an increasingly multicultural and transnational world, and intercultural competence has therefore come to be seen as an essential part of teaching materials and curricula. In this paper, we will consider the Norwegian case, where intercultural competence is one of the objectives of the national curriculum for foreign languages (The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training). We argue that narratives of migrants and refugees may provide a useful material for studying intercultural encounters, which may form the basis for reflexions on intercultural competence. We examine the case of French and Italian teaching in Norway, and through case studies we argue for the use of teaching materials based on such narratives. Moreover, this approach has the added benefit of challenging traditional approaches centered on Italy and France, which are still largely dominant in a Norwegian laguage teaching context and modern language studies at large.

• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). Fra fransk feminisme til norsk kjønnsforskning. Om tekst og terminologi i Pax’ franske sakprosautgivelser (1990-2000).
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). Travelling toponymy. Place names in Abdellah Taïa’s Une Mélancolie Arabe.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). Burkinibølger på den franske Rivieraen. Vox publica. ISSN 1504-5927.
• Samdal, Gunn Inger Lyse & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). Integrating heterogeneous digital text resources to analyze complex neologisms in Norwegian.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2016). La traduction norvégienne de L’Opoponax de Monique Wittig : genre et intertextualité.
• Tveit, Håkon; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2016). Årets viktigste film vises ikke på Bergen kino. Bergens Tidende. ISSN 0804-8983.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). L’Opoponax et sa traduction en norvégien : apports et limites d’une analyse basée sur des corpus.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). Multiligualism and Heteroglossia as Metaphors for Models of Masculinity in Contemporary Migrant Narratives.
• Eide, Liv; Gjesdal, Anje Müller & Skalle, Camilla Erichsen (2015). Migrantnarrativer i lærebøker i fransk, italiensk og spansk.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). Making the minority point of view universal: Textual and and paratextual elements in the Norwegian translation of Monique Wittig’s L’Opoponax.
• Fjørtoft, Marte Reenskaug & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). “Alone against the world”: Bolivia’s voicing of heterodox visions at the Cancun Climate Change conference.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Tveit, Håkon & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). Hybride identiteter: kjønn og tilhørighet i migrantnarrativer fra middelhavsområdet.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2015). Ageing in Marguerite Duras’ Savannah Bay.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Hollandes høyredreining. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Frankrikes økonomi stagnerer: - Bekymringen er stor blant folket. [Internet]. E24.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). La polysémie grammaticale et paramètres contextuels : l’exemple de l’interaction du pronom on et le temps verbal du présent.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Sustainable and low-carbon, or grim and dismal? Representations of the future in climate change blogs?
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). 'The infinite present: The pronoun on and the present tense in L'excès – l'usine by Leslie Kaplan'.
• Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Den franske kulturkampen. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Symbolets makt.
• Skalle, Camilla Erichsen; Tveit, Håkon & Gjesdal, Anje Müller (2014). Migrantnarrativer i Middelhavsområdet – hvordan bruke film og tekst i undervisningen.

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