Gunnar Misund

• Sarshar, Sizarta; Rindahl, Grete; Nedrebø, Ole Gunnar; Berg, Patrick Jan; Misund, Gunnar & Olsen, Caroline Sofie [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Developing a shared information surface for offshore work permits. In Nowakowski, Tomasz; Mlynczak, Marek; Jodejko-Pietruczuk, Anna & Werbinska-Wojciechowska, Sylwia (Ed.), Safety and Reliability : Methodology and Applications: Proceedings of the European safety and reliability Conference, ESREL 2014, Poland, 14-18 september 2014. Taylor & Francis. ISSN 978-1-138-02681-0. p. 663–669. doi: 10.1201/b17399-93.
• Misund, Gunnar; Holone, Harald; Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus; Karlsen, Joakim & Toppe, Alexander (2009). Effects of co-player visualization in a location-based chase-and-catch game. In Oppermann, Reinhard; Eisenhauer, Markus; Jarke, Matthias & Wulf, Volker (Ed.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. ACM Publications. ISSN 978-1-60558-281-8. Show summary

  In our FoxHunt game, virtual foxes are chased on a playground. Foxes and hunters are rendered on a map displayed on GPS-enabled mobile phones. We collected data from three field tests, totalling 130 participants. Approximately half of the players were provided with positions and scores for the other hunters. In the rest of the games, only the foxes and the players' own avatars were rendered. Providing co-player information did not have a direct impact on gaming scores. However, it increased the reported fun factor.

• Misund, Gunnar; Holone, Harald; Karlsen, Joakim & Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus (2009). Chase and catch - simple as that? : old-fashioned fun of traditional playground games revitalized with location-aware mobile phones. In Kato, Hirokazu; Haller, Michael & Athanasios, Vasilakos (Ed.), Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology. ACM Publications. ISSN 978-1-60558-864-3. p. 73–80. Show summary

  Fun in gaming is a difficult, however paramount, topic. Some games are fun, some are not. Some games are ancient and common to both man and animals, for instance Chase-and-Catch (C&C). These games are physically intensive, short in duration, and confined to a specific area. In our research we explore transitions from traditional playground C&C games to their digital counterparts. The rationale is simple; modest augmentations of old-fashioned gaming concepts might prove to be a rewarding avenue for designing successful location-based games. We present a straightforward C&C game, FoxHunt, where location-aware mobile phones are used for hunting virtual foxes. Based on field studies with a total of 220 players, we present and discuss evidence of a very high fun factor, independent of age, gender, playing conditions, and inclination towards sports and physical exercise. We argue that C&C games deserve to be treated as a separate genre within mobile, location-aware gaming.

• Holone, Harald & Misund, Gunnar (2008). People helping computers helping people : navigation for people with mobility problems by sharing accessibility annotations, Computers helping people with special needs. Springer. ISSN 0302-9743. p. 1093–1100. Show summary

  Accessibility maps are valuable tools for people with mobility problems navigating in the urban landscape, in particular for first time visitors. However, the costs of establishing and maintaining such maps prohibit widespread use. Moreover, smartphones, GPS positioning and a growing number of open geospatial tools and technology are becoming commodities. Letting users create and augment geospatial data is opening up for a host of novel user generated geospatial services. Maps, or more precisely, the geospatial data they depict, might for instance be used for route planning. For pedestrians, not to say people with mobility problems, such tools are scarce. In this paper, we explore the combination of accessibility maps and route planning for people with mobility problems. To overcome the cost problems of accessibility surveys, we propose a novel concept, OurWay, which allows the users to annotate the accessibility of their surroundings.This user generated content provides a basis for computing satisfactory routes, from one location to another, matching the user's preferences and needs. We present findings from two experiments, which bear evidence of the validity of the concept, and discuss its potential as a tool for surveying and route planning.

• Holone, Harald; Misund, Gunnar; Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus & Kristoffersen, Steinar (2008). Aspects of personal navigation with collaborative user feedback, NordiCHI 2008 : Building bridges : proceedings of the 5th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Lund, Sweden, 20-22 October, 2008. ACM Press. p. 182–191. Show summary

  Inspired by systems based on user generated content, we have developed a prototype named OurWay, a collabora- tive route planning system utilizing user feedback (rating of route segments) to provide quality routes adapted to the users abilities and needs. We report from an indoor exper- iment where users in wheelchairs solved navigational tasks with our prototype. Log data, observations, and interviews serve as a basis for discussing the feasibility of the Our- Way concept. We find that OurWay yields better routes for all users with aggregated route segment ratings produced throughout the experiment. However, ratings were largely produced by each individual to accomplish a selfish goal, namely that of solving a navigational task. In this respect, rating can be seen as a by-product of use, rather than as an intentional action on behalf of a community.

• Misund, Gunnar; Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus & Håkestad, Øyvind (2008). Learning from spatiotemporal stories with Storix - one size fits all? Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education - CATE 2008. ACTA Press. p. 152–159. Show summary

  Storytelling is a primary vehicle for structuring and pre senting knowledge, experiences and attitudes. As such, it is a fundamental tool in education. The digital era has pro vided us with novel tools for compiling and disseminating stories. Stories are often firmly embedded in a spatiotem poral context, where time and place play essential roles. As a consequence, we have developed a concept, termed Storix, where we add new dimensions to stories by time stamping and geo-referencing individual story elements. In addition to the traditional narrative, sequential organization of a digital story, we provide a map and a timeline. Thus, the user is free to to explore the events from a variety of di mensions. We present indications of educational potential of the concept by reporting and discussing results from ap plying Storix as a learning tool in a 7th grade local history lecture. We found that the system supports differing learn ing styles. Moreover, the learning outcome for students favoring concrete experiences rather than abstract concep tualization, was higher than expected.

• Holone, Harald; Misund, Gunnar & Holmstedt, Håkon Arneng (2007). Users are doing it for themselves : pedestrian navigation with user generated content, Proceedings of the Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). p. 91–99. Show summary

  Route planning has over the few past years become common in the context of driving cars and other vehicles. However, with the advent of powerful mobile devices, such as smart-phones, systems helping pedestrians finding their way in complex urban environments have emerged. We present a prototype system for mobile pedestrian navigation, called OurWay, based on user generated maps and collaborative annotations of network segments. We are particularly concerned with users with various permanent or temporary disabilities, like wheelchair users, or parents pushing baby strollers. By letting users rate the accessibility of locations, the system will compute bespoke routes matching their abilities and preferences. We explore the potential of the concept through a combination of field work and lab trials, using real life data. We also demonstrate that collaboratively collected geodata has promising properties as a foundation for innovative geospatial applications. Initial results indicate that few user annotations are needed to produce good routes.

• Misund, Gunnar; Granlund, Morten & Kolås, Herman (2005). OneGlobe - Building and Browsing a Transient Digital Earth from Distributed, Heterogeneous Sources, ScanGIS'2005 - Proceedings of the 10th Scandinavian Research Conference on Geographical Information Science. Department of Planning and Environment, KTH.
• Misund, Gunnar & Lindh, Mats (2004). Annotating Mobile Multimedia Messages with SpatiotemporalInformation. ?. Show summary

  Accepted for publication Mobile messaging started with Short Messaging Service (SMS). Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) was recently introduced, allowing users to send and receive messages composed of text, audio, images and even movie clips. In this paper, we propose a new step in the evolution of mobile messaging by introducing the Annotated Multimedia Messaging Service (AMMS). AMMS is in short an MMS document augmented with metadata that facilitates efficient structuring, storage, search and retrieval of mobile media content. We currently restrict the metadatato describe time and place, and show how to include this information in an MMS document by using the existing specification without changes. We suggest some applications that may be realized on the foundations of this simple, yet powerful, concept, both in the personal market and in the professional domain. A prototype framework called Been-There-Done-That has been implemented, where users can generate AMMS documents and upload them to an Internet server. The messages are accessiblethrough a web based map application.

• Misund, Gunnar (2002). One Map. ?. p. 30–39. Show summary

  This white paper describes an infrastructure called One Map (1M), built on the principles of Distributed Geodata Management (DGM). The main goal is to provide online public access to a comprehensive and detailed world map. The core idea is to build themap incrementally and uncoordinated by many submissions. The framework is highly scalable due to distributed and redundant storage. Performance is maximized by delegating the main bulk of query and retrieval processes to the distributed servers. The concept will be implemented in a proposed project.

• Misund, Gunnar & Lie, Alfred (2002). Foreleserens intensjoner og studentenes forventninger : en kvantitativ analyse. ?. 24(1), p. 17–24. Show summary

  Denne artikkelen presenterer en empirisk analyse av et omfattende materiale innsamlet ved ulike studentevalueringer av kurset "Algoritmer og Datastrukturer" høsten 2000 ved Avdeling for Informatikk og Automatisering, Høgskolen i Østfold. Hovedmålet medarbeidet er å belyse forholdet mellom foreleserens pedagogiske intensjoner og studentenes forventninger til kurset. Forfatterne er av den mening av et minimum av et slikt samsvar er en grunnleggende forutsetning for å få til et "godt" kurs. Analysen viser at det i dette tilfelle var et rimelig godt samsvar mellom intensjoner og forventninger. I tillegg ser det ut til at intensjonene ikke retter seg mot en spesiell gruppe studenter. Arbeidet er også ment som eksempel på hvordan visse typer empiriske analyser kan brukes til å kaste lys over typisk kvalitative pedagogiske problemstillinger.

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• Misund, Gunnar & Misund, Per H. (2007). Kanalen i Holla. Wera AS. ISBN 9788230309803. 235 p. Show summary

  Kanalen i Holla slynger seg gjennom et naturskjønt kulturlandskap i selve hjertet av Telemark. I boka Kanalen i Holla får vi presentert en liten bit av Telemarkskanalen som enkelte vil hevde er den aller vakreste delen. Kanalen i Holla er kjærlig skild­ret i tekst og bilder - hele 272 - gjennom et drøyt halvt hundre år, fra 1952 til 2006. I kommentarer og billedtekster tegner forfatterne Per H. Misund (f. 1927) og Gunnar Misund (f. 1958) et spennende bilde av livet ved og rundt kanalen. Boken retter samtidig blikket fremover i tanker rundt utvikling og bevaring av det unike Vrangfossanlegget, samt til ønsket om en ny opplevelsesbåt. Kanalen i Holla er en bok som vil interessere langt utover lokalmiljøet, uansett tilknytning til Holla eller Telemark. Dette er en perle av en bok for alle med interesse for - og kjærlighet til - vann og kanaler. Etter å ha lest denne boken kan du bare konstatere at de har ordene sine i behold; kanalen i Holla er vakrest.

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• Misund, Gunnar; Holone, Harald; Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus; Karlsen, Joakim & Toppe, Alexander (2009). Effects of co-player visualization in a location-based chase-and-catch game.
• Misund, Gunnar; Holone, Harald; Karlsen, Joakim & Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus (2009). Chase and catch - simple as that?: old-fashioned fun of traditional playground games revitalized with location-aware mobile phones.
• Misund, Gunnar (2008). NeoGeo : some grassroots perspectives, or Users are doing it for themselves. Show summary

  Map making has during the few past years changed radically, due to the rise of volunteered geographic information. Users are now making their own maps, and they are many, and they are good. We present some examples from OpenStreetMap, and outline some opportunities and challenges. In particular, we suggest that traditional mapping organizations and companies should seriously consider collaboration with the grassroots map makers.

• Misund, Gunnar (2008). Kart og stedbaserte tjenester på mobile plattformer : hvor blir det av LBS-revolusjonen? : betraktninger fra et grasrotperspektiv. Show summary

  I de siste 5-6 årene har det gjentatte ganger blitt spådd at markedet for stedbaserte tjenester for mobile enheter snart vil komme til å eksplodere. Vi venter fremdeles, og kanskje forgjeves? I dette foredraget ser vi på mulighetene for å kunne lage meningsfylte (og kanskje innbringende) mobile geoanvendelser, både når det gjelder teknologi og tjenester. Det pekes på noen fundamentale barrierer, som kanskje er noen av årsakene til at spådommene har slått feil. I mer enn noe annet segment av informasjonsteknologien, er det innen mobileanvendelser brukerne som er nøkkelen til suksess. Brorparten av LBS-systemer har til nå fokusert på brukeren som konsument av informasjon. Tjenester som kan lede oss til nærmeste burgersjappe er vel kanskje ikke det mest innovative, nyttige eller innbringende konseptet man kan komme på. Ved å la brukerne ta mer av styringen kan man avdekke helt nye anvendelsesområder. Utfordingen vil være å åpne for produksjon og deling av innhold, og legge til rette for geobasert samarbeid og samkvem. Dette gir kartbransjen en rekke utfordringer, spesielt når det gjelder innhold og distribusjon, men framfor alt nye muligheter.

• Misund, Gunnar; Tolsby, Håkon Lofthus & Håkestad, Øyvind (2008). Learning from spatiotemporal stories with Storix - one size fits all? Show summary

  Storytelling is a primary vehicle for structuring and pre senting knowledge, experiences and attitudes. As such, it is a fundamental tool in education. The digital era has pro vided us with novel tools for compiling and disseminating stories. Stories are often firmly embedded in a spatiotem poral context, where time and place play essential roles. As a consequence, we have developed a concept, termed Storix, where we add new dimensions to stories by time stamping and geo-referencing individual story elements. In addition to the traditional narrative, sequential organization of a digital story, we provide a map and a timeline. Thus, the user is free to to explore the events from a variety of di mensions. We present indications of educational potential of the concept by reporting and discussing results from ap plying Storix as a learning tool in a 7th grade local history lecture. We found that the system supports differing learn ing styles. Moreover, the learning outcome for students favoring concrete experiences rather than abstract concep tualization, was higher than expected.

• Holone, Harald; Misund, Gunnar & Holmstedt, Håkon Arneng (2007). Mobile Challenges : from universal access to universal participation. Show summary

  Mobile technologies and services offer new opportunities for eAccessibility and aParticipation. In this position paper we present three on-going projects addressing mobile user collaboration and participation, where the target groups range from physically disabled persons to neighborhood citizens. We then discuss some selected challenges in mobile eParticipation, regarding both ICT research and policy and community issues.

• Holone, Harald; Holmstedt, Håkon Arneng & Misund, Gunnar (2007). OurWay : collaborative route planning. Show summary

  Route planning has over the few past years become common in the context of driving cars and other vehicles. However, with the advent of powerful mobile devices, such as smart-phones, systems helping pedestrians finding their way in complex urban environments have emerged. We present a prototype system for mobile non-vehicle navigation, called OurWay, based on user generated maps from the OpenStreetMap project, and collaborative annotations of network segments. We are particularly concerned with users with various permanent or temporary disabilities, like wheelchair users, or parents pushing baby strollers. By letting users rate the accessibility of locations, the system will compute bespoke routes matching their abilities and preferences. We explore the potential of the concept through a combination of field work and lab trials, using real life data. We also demonstrate that collaboratively collected geodata has promising properties as a foundation for innovative geospatial applications. Initial results indicate that few user annotations are needed to produce good routes.

• Misund, Gunnar; Halvorsen, Torbjørn; Holmstedt, Håkon Arneng & Jansson, Harald (2006). Revolusjonerende GPS-basert system er utviklet i Østfold.
• Misund, Gunnar; Halvorsen, Torbjørn; Holmstedt, Håkon Arneng & Jansson, Harald (2005). Locus Lab: Practical and Useful Location Aware Applications.
• Misund, Gunnar; Granlund, Morten & Kolås, Herman (2005). Global Models and the W3DS Specification - Challenges and Solutions.
• Misund, Gunnar; Granlund, Morten & Kolås, Herman (2005). OneGlobe - Building and Browsing a Transient Digital Earth from Distributed, Heterogeneous Sources.
• Misund, Gunnar; Granlund, Morten; Kolås, Herman & Lindh, Mats (2005). Global 3D Models with Local Content.
• Misund, Gunnar (2004). Masterstudiet i Miljøinformatikk, Høgskolen i Østfold.
• Misund, Gunnar & Lindh, Mats (2004). Stedfestet MMS.
• Misund, Gunnar; Edvardsen, Christer; Hansen, Arne Enger; Kvalsund, Oddbjørn; Lindh, Mats & Stenbrenden, Christer (2004). Implementing the Open Mobile GeoWeb - Some Exercises. Show summary

  The main objective of this paper is to explore open data sources, open protocols and open source tools in the context of geo-enabled applications for mobile devices. The work is part of Project OneMap, a long term effort contributing to the fusion of standard web technologies and geographic content, often referred to as the GeoWeb. Project OneMap provides free online access to a large, global map. The map is incrementally built by seamlessly integrating a large number of independent and uncoordinated contributions of geodata. A sufficient level of quality and consistency is assured by applying a peer review process to all submissions. We will demonstrate two applications, one deployed on a PDA with integrated GPS, and the other implemented on a location aware (GPS) smart phone. Both examples are using the OneMap Repository as main content provider. Our main strategy is to treat mobile devices as equal as possible to traditional desktop computers. The core interaction between the map server and the hand held clients is based on interoperability protocols from the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC), more precisely Geographic Markup Language (GML), Web Feature Service (WFS) and Web Map Service (WMS). The applications are placed in the public domain and are developed using open source tools. Live demonstrations will be given on the presentation.

• Misund, Gunnar & Vålerhaugen, Harald (2004). Integration Of Heterogeneous GML Sources. Show summary

  GML, as being an XML Schema meta standard for geospatial data, is becoming widely adopted for both storage and exchange of data between organizations and systems. In particular itis suited for open and seamless exchange of geospatial data on the web. Application schemas are designed based upon a setof GML schemas, allowing for extensions, restrictions and substitution of the base types. Instance documents from different application domains may thus appear heterogeneous, and general-purpose tools are commonly depending upon complex configuration files to handle unknown dialects. We propose a simple dictionary approach enabling integration of differing GMLinstance documents. The dictionary is built by a cascading process: If all schemas are available, they are analyzed to identify the origin of the specialized elements, or else,if not all schemas are present, the instance document(s) areanalyzed using certain heuristics based on the base GML element structure, or, if still some element relations are unresolved, the user is asked to assist the system by a manual mapping procedure We test the approach on real life datasets retrieved by a WFS server and displayed visually in an SVG based map browser. The work is part of Project OneMap, and the software is implemented as extensions of the GeoTools and Java Topology Suite frameworks.

• Misund, Gunnar & Lindh, Mats (2004). Distribuert oppdatering av kart med OneMap ClearingHouse.
• Misund, Gunnar (2003). Prosjekt OneMap: Status februar 2003.
• Misund, Gunnar & Lindh, Mats (2003). OneMap gateway browser client.
• Misund, Gunnar; Larsen, Petter & Røsholdt, Therese (2003). Project OneMap.
• Misund, Gunnar & Røsholdt, Therese (2003). GML in the Classroom. Show summary

  This paper first explains one of the reasons for using GML (Geographic Markup Language) as a development tool; the need of a tool to bridge the gap between cartographers and software developers. It then goes on to describe the Digital Maps course that ran in the spring of 2003 at Østfold University College and the projects related to this course [DM] . Finally, a summary of the experiences made by the student using GML in their projects is added.

• Misund, Gunnar & Høiberg, Jan (2003). Sustainable information technology for global sustainability. Show summary

  Information technology is used in many application areas as a means to support environmental sustainability, among them the various Digital Earth projects. Many of these initiatives are quite technology intensive, requiring sophisticated special purpose software and hardware. Other projects rely heavily on complex coordination of contributions from a large number of organizations. The authors are of the opinion that technology for supporting global sustainability in it self should be sustainable, or in other words, capable of being kept in existence over a sufficiently long span of time. We present some cases of both sustainable and non-sustainable systems and propose a set of criteria for analyzing and classifying the sustainability of a given technological framework and it’s components. On this backdrop we present Project OneMap, which has been designed with longevity, accessibility, simplicity and other aspects of sustainable technology in mind. The main objective of this project is to providefree online access to a large, global map. The map will be incrementally build by seamlessly integrating a large number of independent and uncoordinated contributions of geodata. A sufficient level of quality and consistency is assured by applying a peer review process to all submissions. In many ways the project will be a grass root effort, thus orthogonal to many other more centralized mapping projects. We highlight some sustainable aspects of Project OneMap.

• Misund, Gunnar; Johnsen, Knut-Erik & Lindh, Mats (2003). Hierarchical GML Modeling of Transportation Networks. Show summary

  Management, presentation and analysis of huge amounts of geodata calls for hierarchical representations. In this paper we discuss simplification strategies for networks, where both topology, geometry and thematic properties are taken into consideration. We present GML based methods applied to the complete US road network derived from US Census data represented in Tiger Line files. The issues discussed in the paper should be of interest in wide range of applications. However, the main target application is the geodata Repository in Project OneMap (1). One of the objectives of this project is to incrementally build a large, distributed global online map.

• Misund, Gunnar; Kristiansen, Henning & Lindh, Mats (2003). Distributed GML management with SVG tools. Show summary

  We present a browser based GML (Geographic Markup Language) editor implemented with SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) and DOM (Document Object Model) scripting. The editor is able to treat GML 2.1 compliant data. The geometric editing is based on moving, deleting and inserting points and groups of points. Thematic properties are edited in tables. The editor is designed, within certain limits, to be a multi purpose editor. However, the main target application is data management in Project OneMap. We outline a client/server based peer review submission process using the editor as the main tool.

• Misund, Gunnar & Johnsen, Knut-Erik (2002). The One Map Project. Show summary

  This paper describes a long term project called One Map: background, objectives, current status and directions for the future. In short, the project aims to build a large, global map stored and processed in a scalable and redundant distributed architecture. The core idea is to build the map incrementally and uncoordinated by many submissions. The repository will serve researchers and organizations that are in need for free-of-charge geodata with global, consistent coverage. The framework relies heavily on the OGC work, in particular GML and the web services (WFS and WMS). In addition, related XML technologies such as SVG will be used in for example user interfaces.

• Misund, Gunnar (2001). Real time interaction with massive 2D data sets.
• Hasle, Geir; Johansen, Bjørn Sigurd; Løkketangen, Arne & Misund, Gunnar (1996). Tabu search in a forest management problem.

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