Göran Jutengren

• Jutengren, Göran & Ståhl, Fredrik (2024). Determinants of social loneliness among older adults in job retirement and the role of emotional expressivity. Aging & Mental Health. ISSN 1360-7863. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2338205. Vis sammendrag

  OBJECTIVES: The study examined the possibility that a mediating role of positive and negative emotional expressivity may contribute to understanding the associations between social loneliness and its previously identified predictors (i.e. health, age, sex, and social living situation). METHOD: Self-reported assessments were collected from community-dwelling Swedish residents (aged 65 and above) in job retirement. Structural equation modeling with manifest variables was applied to cross-sectional data (N = 601) to analyze two competing models; one main-effect regression model, examining the predictive effect of emotional expressivity (along with health and sociodemographics) on social loneliness, and one mediation model, examining the mediating effect of emotional expressivity (using the bootstrapping technique provided in Mplus). RESULTS: The results indicated that the mediation model fit the data considerably better than the main-effect regression model (Δχ2 [Δdf = 8] = 72.69, p < 0.00001), and demonstrated a good fit on its own, with CFI = 0.986 and RMSEA = 0.030. This suggests that emotional expressivity contributes to the understanding of the connection between social loneliness and its previously identified predictors. CONCLUSION: Recognizing the significance of emotional expressivity has the potential to enhance our understanding of loneliness in older adults, both in theory and in practice.

• Medin, Eva; Svensson, Ylva & Jutengren, Göran (2024). “I am maybe half and half Swedish. 50-50.” – National Identity Content and Negotiation of Early Adolescents in a Diverse School Setting. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. ISSN 0031-3831. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2024.2317717. Vis sammendrag

  To explore young adolescents’ negotiation of their national identity in an educational context, we individually interviewed nine students (ages 10-14) with different backgrounds attending an ethnically diverse school in Sweden. The transcribed interviews were thematically and qualitatively analyzed. Results show that students negotiated their national identity as being quantifiable, often as sized portions of a whole or percentages, and dichotomous (Swedish vs. non-Swedish). Their national identity negotiation further related to feelings of belonging as well as to birthplace, appearance, and language. Results suggest that national identity is more complex for youth with immigrant backgrounds and that the status conferred by being part of the majority group is recognized in ethnically diverse and segregated contexts. These findings on young adolescents’ national identity negotiations can inform future research or educational practices as well as curricula to support national identity development or feelings of belonging in diverse school settings.

• Engwall, Marie; Jutengren, Göran; Bergbom, Ingegerd; Lindahl, Berit & Fridh, Isabell (2021). Patients’ self-reported recovery after an environmental intervention aimed to support patient’s circadian rhythm in intensive care. Health Environments Research & Design Journal. ISSN 1937-5867. 14(4), s. 194–210. doi: 10.1177/19375867211001541.
• Eriksson, Andrea; Jutengren, Göran & Dellve, Lotta (2021). Job demands and functional resources moderating assistant and Registered Nurses' intention to leave. Nursing Open. ISSN 2054-1058. 8(2), s. 870–881. doi: 10.1002/nop2.694. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  AIMS: To investigate how job demands and resources interact with each other to predict intention to leave among assistant nurses and Registered Nurses. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. METHODS: Questionnaire data were collected yearly during three years (October 2012–December 2014) from Registered Nurses (RN) and assistant nurses (N = 840) employed in Swedish hospitals. Associations and interaction effects of demands and resources were assessed with correlation analyses and regression models. RESULTS: Job demands predicted assistant nurses' intentions to leave, while resources predicted RNs' intention to leave. For RNs, several resources were functional in moderating the associations between demands and intention to leave: social support, vertical trust, and humanity moderated work pace and workflow moderated emotional demands. For assistant nurses, organizational clarity and interprofessional collaboration moderated emotional demands. None of the resources had a moderating effect on the associations between quantitative demands or illegitimate tasks and intention to leave.

• Jutengren, Göran & Larsson Fallman, Sara (2020). Chefers arbetssituation och hälsotillstånd som prediktorer för sjukfrånvaro bland vårdpersonal. Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift (SMT). ISSN 0037-833X. 97(1), s. 41–54. Vis sammendrag

  I syfte att predicera sjukfrånvaron på 38 vårdenheter i Västra Götalandsregionen användes enhetschefernas självrapporterade uppgifter om arbetsmiljö och arbetsrelaterad hälsa. Data analyserades med hjälp av binär logistisk regression. Utfallsvariabeln baserades på klusteranalyser av sjukfrånvaroincidens för perioden 2013-2016, där varje sjukvårdsenhet representerades av antingen en gynnsam eller en ofördelaktig trend. Analyser utfördes separat för undersköterskor och sjuksköterskor och för kombinationen av båda yrkesgrupperna inom tre olika sjukfrånvarointervall (0-7 dagar/år; 8-27 dagar/år; ≥ 28 dagar/år). Resultaten gav få belägg för att chefers arbetssituation predicerar sjukfrånvaro på hela vårdenheter. Dock fanns vissa indikationer på att chefers burnout möjligen har en sådan effekt.

• Eriksson, Andrea; Jutengren, Göran & Dellve, Lotta (2020). Betydelsen av arbetsresurser och arbetskrav för undersköterskors och sjuksköterskors intention att sluta. Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift (SMT). ISSN 0037-833X. 97(1), s. 134–146. Vis sammendrag

  Det har i tidigare forskning framhållits att det är viktigt att angripa arbetsplatsfaktorer inklusive arbetskrav och arbetsresurser för att skapa en hållbar arbetsmiljö inom sjukvården. Syftet var att undersöka vilka arbetskrav respektive arbetsresurser som har störst betydelse för undersköterskors respektive sjuksköterskors intention att sluta samt om det finns gemensamma faktorer som också förklarar arbetstillfredsställelse och utmattning. En longitudinell enkätstudie med undersköterskor och sjuksköterskor vid fem svenska sjukhus genomfördes. Resultaten visade att det fanns samband mellan de flesta inkluderade arbetsresurserna och arbetskraven och undersköterskors och sjuksköterskors intention att sluta, på tvärsnittsnivå. Prospektiva analyser visade samband mellan kvantitativa krav för undersköterskors intention att sluta även efter kontroll för kön och yrkeserfarenhet. För sjuksköterskor hade särskilt erkänsla, betydelse för intention att sluta, och även för deras arbetstillfredsställelse och utmattning. Kortare yrkeserfarenhet predicerade sjuksköterskors intention att sluta samt både undersköterskors och sjuksköterskors utmattning.

• Duberg, Anna; Jutengren, Göran; Hagberg, Lars & Möller, Margareta (2020). The effects of a dance intervention on somatic symptoms and emotional distress in adolescent girls: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of International Medical Research. ISSN 0300-0605. 48(2), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1177/0300060520902610. Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To investigate whether a dance intervention for adolescent girls reduces stress-related symptoms. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial of an after-school intervention. Participants were 112 girls aged 13 to 18 years with stress-related somatic symptoms and emotional distress. The intervention comprised twice-weekly dance sessions for 8 months with a focus on enjoyment and socialization. A questionnaire was administered at baseline and after 8, 12 and 20 months. Participants rated the frequency with which they had experienced somatic symptoms and emotional distress during the previous 3 months. Results: After the intervention, there was a significantly greater reduction in somatic symptoms and emotional distress in the dance intervention group than in the control group. The difference in the mean score change on a 5-point scale was 0.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04 to 0.47) for somatic symptoms and 0.30 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.58) for emotional distress. Conclusion: Dance interventions may reduce somatic symptoms and emotional distress in adolescent girls, and may constitute a non pharmacological complement to school health services. However, continued participation is needed for long-term sustainable results. Additional randomized studies are required to further evaluate the effect of this type of intervention indifferent settings.

• Jutengren, Göran (2020). Sjukfrånvaro i sjukvården: Trendanalyser över en fyraårsperiod med hjälp av klusteranalys. Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift (SMT). ISSN 0037-833X. 97(1), s. 12–25. Vis sammendrag

  För att följa sjukfrånvarons utveckling över fyra år bland landstingsanställda sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor klusteranalyserades 38 vårdenheter på ett mellanstort och två mindre sjukhus i Västra Götaland. Incidenserna över tid granskades för låg (0-7 dagar/år), omfattande (8-27 dagar/år), och hög sjukfrånvaro (≥ 28 dagar/år) för både kombinerade och separata yrkesgrupper. I samtliga fall delades vårdenheterna in i två kluster där incidenserna för sjukfrånvaro följde separata utvecklingsbanor för respektive kluster. Som en generell slutsats konstateras att skillnaderna mellan klustrens utvecklingsbanor var större för undersköterskor än för sjuksköterskor. Diskussionen avslutas med ett förslag om att undersköterskors arbetssituation borde uppmärksammas i högre grad.

• Medin, Eva & Jutengren, Göran (2020). Children’s perspectives on a school-based social and emotional learning program. Children & Schools. ISSN 1532-8759. 42(2), s. 121–130. doi: 10.1093/cs/cdaa007. Vis sammendrag

  Research has indicated that social and emotional learning (SEL) programs can offer benefits to students and school environments. However, students’ experiences of participation in such programs have not received as much attention. This focus group study describes elementary students’ (N = 23) experiences of and beliefs about participation in a school-based SEL program commonly used in Sweden, Life Skills Training. The results suggest questionable acceptability of the program by the students, indicating a clear belief that the school’s implementation of the program was due to their problematic behavior. Although students experienced the program content as predictable, consistent, and structured, there was great variation in their attitudes toward the program: Both strong negative and positive attitudes were revealed. The students also expressed discomfort with the personal nature of the discussions promoted by the program and uncertainty about its place in the school setting. These findings can inform SEL program implementation.

• Jutengren, Göran; Jaldestad, Ellen; Lotta, Dellve & Andrea, Eriksson (2020). The Potential Importance of Social Capital and Job Crafting for Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction among Health-care Employees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). ISSN 1661-7827. 17(12). doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124272. Vis sammendrag

  (1) Background: Both employees and organizations benefit from a work environment characterized by work engagement and job satisfaction. This study examines the influence of work-group social capital on individuals’ work engagement, job satisfaction, and job crafting. In addition, the mediating effect of job crafting between social capital on the one side and job satisfaction and work engagement on the other side was analyzed. (2) Methods: This study used data from 250 health-care employees in Sweden who had completed a questionnaire at two time points (six to eight months apart). Analyses of separate cross-lagged panel designs were conducted using structural regression modeling with manifest variables. (3) Results: Social capital was predictive of both job satisfaction and work engagement over time. The results also indicated that higher degrees of social capital was predictive of more cognitive and relational, but not task-related job crafting over time. There was no clear evidence for a mediating effect of job crafting for social capital to work engagement or job satisfaction. (4) Conclusion: It would be beneficial for the health-care sector to consider setting up the organizations to promote social capital within work groups. Individual workers would gain in well-being and the organization is likely to gain in efficiency and lower turnover rates.

• Palmér, Lina & Jutengren, Göran (2019). Development, validation and psychometric testing of an instrument to assess existential aspects of mother’s initial breastfeeding difficulties. Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. ISSN 1877-5756. 19(1), s. 88–94. doi: 10.1016/j.srhc.2019.01.005. Vis sammendrag

  OBJECTIVE: Mothers who have negative breastfeeding experiences due to initial breastfeeding difficulties are in demanding existential situations. Therefore, it is important for healthcare professionals to identify and address such breastfeeding problems. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument designed to assess existential aspects of mothers' initial breastfeeding difficulties and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS: This study reports on the development of a new instrument and was carried out in three steps: (1) a questionnaire about various existential aspects of initial breastfeeding difficulties, based on 66 items derived from two phenomenological studies, was developed; (2) information was collected using the questionnaire; (3) and the resulting data were statistically analysed. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess comparative validity; exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring and varimax rotation were used to assess construct validity; and Cronbach's alfa was used to assess internal consistency and reliability. Three hundred and nine Swedish-speaking mothers aged 20-46 participated in the study. RESULTS: Correlation and factor analysis of the 66 items revealed that 16 of the items were of psychometric value and valid. Factor analysis generated three factors that accounted for 62.9% of the total variance: Mother-Child Interdependency, Exposure and Vulnerability and Security and Trust. The instrument shows adequate sensitivity to identify existential aspects of mothers' initial breastfeeding difficulties. CONCLUSION: The instrument satisfactorily assesses existential aspects of initial breastfeeding difficulties and can be used as a sensitive tool by healthcare professionals to screen for and identify mothers who have negative breastfeeding experiences.

• Jakobsson, Malin; Josefsson, Karin; Jutengren, Göran; Sandsjö, Leif & Högberg, Karin (2019). Sleep duration and sleep problems among adolescents: Exploring associations with school stress, self-perception, and technology use. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. ISSN 0283-9318. 33(1), s. 197–206. doi: 10.1111/scs.12621. Vis sammendrag

  Sleeping problems are increasing among adolescents worldwide. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of self-reported sleep duration and sleeping difficulties, as well as to explore their associations with school stress, self-perception, that is how adolescents perceive their appearance and happiness, and technology use among adolescents. Data were collected in 201 5 using a questionnaire. A total of 937 ninth grade adolescents, 15–16 years, from a city in western Sweden participated, resulting in a response rate of 83%. The result showed that 55% of the adolescents slept less than the recommended 8 hours per night and 11% had sleeping difficulties. School stress and technology use were associated with short sleep duration. School stress and self-perception were associated with sleeping difficulties. The girls had worse outcomes for sleeping difficulties, school stress, self-perception and technology use than the boys. Based on the results, there is a need for school nurses to implement preventive measures to improve adolescents’ sleep.

• Jutengren, Göran & Medin, Eva (2019). Cross-ethnic friendship and prosocial behavior’s potential significance to elementary children's academic competence. The Journal of educational research (Washington, D.C.). ISSN 0022-0671. 112(1), s. 38–45. doi: 10.1080/00220671.2018.1431872. Vis sammendrag

  The authors, with Swedish elementary school students (N = 201), 9–12 years old, examined the potential significance to self-perceived academic competence of students' cross-ethnic friendship ties and prosocial behavior to better understand education's minority achievement gap. A crossed-lagged panel model was tested to investigate potential relationships between these variables over time, while controlling for temporal associations. The results revealed that higher levels of prosocial behavior were related to more positive academic performance six months later. However, higher levels of cross-ethnic friendship did not. The findings further establish the predictive influence of prosocial behavior on academic competence, indicating that this over-time relation is applicable also in the North European context, with its increasingly diverse ethnicity.

• Larsson Fallman, Sara; Jutengren, Göran & Dellve, L (2019). The impact of restricted decision-making autonomy on health care managers’ health and work performance. Journal of Nursing Management. ISSN 0966-0429. 27(4), s. 706–714. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12741. Vis sammendrag

  AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate how restricted decision‐making autonomy and conflicting demands impact operational managers’ work performance and health. BACKGROUND: Managers at operational level (first‐ and second‐line managers’) in health care organisations are commonly exposed to strain in their work situation with high demands and a challenging work context. Although they play an important role, the knowledge about the causal associations between stressful job demands and their consequences is limited. METHODS: A prospective design with questionnaire data collected at two points in time, 1 year apart, from a sample of operational managers (N = 162) at five Swedish hospitals was used to conduct a structural equation model analysis with cross‐lagged paths. RESULTS: Restricted decision‐making autonomy was negatively associated with both the managers’ health and their managerial work performance over time. CONCLUSIONS: Health care managers’ work performance and health may be sustained by the top management allowing them a higher degree of autonomy in their decision‐making. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: This study suggests that nursing leaders should create the circumstances for operational managers’ to have higher levels of autonomy in their area of responsibility and the freedom to prioritize their managerial workload.

• Norberg Boysen, Gabriella; Christensson, Lennart; Jutengren, Göran; Herlitz, Johan & Wireklint Sundström, Birgitta (2019). Patient trust and patient-safety with a new care-model for low-priority patients: A randomized controlled trial in the prehospital chain of care. International Emergency Nursing. ISSN 1755-599X. 46. doi: 10.1016/j.ienj.2019.06.001. Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: Patients who call for an ambulance but only have primary care needs do not always get appropriate care. The starting point in this study is that such patients should be assigned to as basic of care as possible, while maintaining high levels of patient trust and patient safety. AIM: To evaluate patient trust and patient safety among low-priority ambulance patients referred to care at either the Community Health Centre (CHC) or the Emergency Department (ED). METHODS: This randomized controlled trial pilot study compared the level of patient trust and patient safety among low-priority ambulance patients who were randomized into two groups: CHC (n = 105) or ED (n = 83). RESULTS: There was a high level of trust in the care received, regardless of whether the patient received care at CHC or ED. Overall 31% fulfilled one or more of the given criteria for potentially jeopardizing patient safety. CONCLUSIONS: Patient selection for the trial indicated a potential limit in patient safety. There was a high level of trust in the care received regardless of whether the patient received care. The accuracy of patient selection for the new care model needs to be further improved with the intention to enhance patient safety even further.

• Jutengren, Göran (2018). Att bygga politikerförtroende: Lättare sagt än gjort. Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift (SMT). ISSN 0037-833X. 19(1), s. 88–94. Vis sammendrag

  Finns det förutsättningar för att skapa och/eller bygga förtroende hos medborgarna? För att undersöka frågeställningen analyserades enkätsvar från 2 184 invånare i Västra Götaland, 18 till 85 år gamla. Resultaten visade att det fanns ett relativt starkt samband mellan invånarnas syn på den regionala förvaltningen och vilket förtroende de har för sina politiker. I synnerhet var detta samband relevant när det gällde hälso- och sjukvården. Det framkom också att invånarnas uppfattning om hälso- och sjukvårdens organisationseffektivitet i första hand, och medicinska kvalitet i andra hand hade betydelse för deras förtroende för regionens politiker. Den övergripande slutsatsen är att det tycks finnas förutsättningar att öka politikerförtroendet genom en målmedveten politisk förvaltning och utveckling av regionens verksamheter.

• Mosallanezhad, Zahra; Sotoudeh, Gholam Reza; Jutengren, Göran; Salavati, Mahyar; Harms-Ringdahl, Karin & Nilsson Wikmar, Lena [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). A structural equation model of the relation between socioeconomic status, physical activity level, independence and health status in older Iranian people. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). ISSN 0167-4943. 70, s. 123–129. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.004. Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND AND AIM: Health status is an independent predictor of mortality, morbidity and functioning in older people. The present study was designed to evaluate the link between socioeconomic status (SES), physical activity (PA), independence (I) and the health status (HS) of older people in Iran, using structural equation modelling. METHODS: Using computerized randomly selection, a representative sample of 851 75-year-olds living in Tehran (2007–2008), Iran, was included. Participants answered questions regarding indicators of HS, SES and also PA and I through interviews. Both measurement and conceptual models of our hypotheses were tested using Mplus 5. Maximum-likelihood estimation with robust standard errors (MLR estimator), chisquare tests, the goodness of fit index (and degrees of freedom), as well as the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RSMEA) were used to evaluate the model fit. RESULTS: The measurement model yielded a reasonable fit to the data, x2 = 110.93, df = 38; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.047, with 90% C.I. = 0.037–0.058. The model fit for the conceptual model was acceptable; x2 = 271.64, df = 39; CFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.084, with 90% C.I. = 0.074–0.093. SES itself was not a direct predictor of HS (b = 0.13, p = 0.059) but it was a predictor of HS either through affecting PA (b = 0.31, p < 0.001) or I (b = 0.57, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic status appeared to influence health status, not directly but through mediating some behavioral and self-confidence aspects including physical activity and independence in ADL.

• Kamal, Lana; Strand, Jennifer; Jutengren, Göran & Tidefors, Inga (2017). Perceptions and Experiences of an Attachment-based Intervention for Parents Troubled by Intimate Partner Violence. Clinical social work journal. ISSN 0091-1674. 45(4), s. 311–319. doi: 10.1007/s10615-016-0606-1. Vis sammendrag

  It is known that intimate partner violence (IPV) negatively affects both parental capacity and children’s well-being, but few studies have focused on the experiences of those taking part in family interventions focused on IPV. In this study, 26 parents (16 mothers and 10 fathers) with a history of IPV participated in focus groups concerning their attachment-based group intervention experience in the program Parenting and Violence. The transcripts, subjected to thematic analysis, showed that participants experienced the intervention as supportive and confirming of their role as parents. Parents described feeling more in control, more self-confident, more skilled in communicating, and more able to provide security for their children. However, they also expressed a need for continuing support to maintain their improved parenting strategies.

• Engwall, Marie; Fridh, Isabell; Jutengren, Göran; Bergbom, Ingegerd; Sterner, Anders & Lindahl, Berit (2017). The Effect of Cycled Lighting in the Intensive Care Unit on Sleep, Activity and Physiological Parameters: A Pilot Study. Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. ISSN 0964-3397. 41, s. 26–32. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2017.01.009. Vis sammendrag

  Patients in intensive care suffer from severe illnesses or injuries and from symptoms related to care and treatments. Environmental factors, such as lighting at night, can disturb patients’ circadian rhythms. The aim was to investigate whether patients displayed circadian rhythms and whether a cycled lighting intervention would impact it. In this pilot study (N = 60), a cycled lighting intervention in a two-bed patient room was conducted. An ordinary hospital room functioned as the control. Patient activity, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and body temperature were recorded. All data were collected during the patients’ final 24 h in the intensive care unit. There was a significant difference between day and night patient activity within but not between conditions. Heart rates differed between day and night significantly for patients in the ordinary room but not in the intervention room or between conditions. Body temperature was lowest at night for all patients with no significant difference between conditions. Patients in both conditions had a natural circadian rhythm; and the cycled lighting intervention showed no significant impact. As the sample size was small, a larger repeated measures study should be conducted to determine if other types of lighting or environmental factors can impact patients’ well-being.

• Norberg Boysen, Gabriella; Christensson, Lennart; Wireklint Sundström, Birgitta; Nyström, Maria; Herlitz, Johan & Jutengren, Göran (2016). Use of the emergency medical services by patients with suspected acute primary healthcare problems: developing a questionnaire to measure patient trust in healthcare. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. ISSN 2052-5648. 4(3), s. 444–452. doi: 10.5750/ejpch.v4i3.1120. Vis sammendrag

  RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire measuring the level of trust and its constituents in patients calling the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) for suspected acute primary healthcare problems. The questionnaire is called the Patient Trust Questionnaire (PTQ). The following frontline service providers were involved: (1) The Dispatch Centre, (2) the Emergency Medical Services, and (3) the receiving unit (Emergency Department/Healthcare Centre). METHODS: Cross-sectional data were collected repeatedly and redundant items were discarded using a step-by-stepapproach. Based on a literature review, the PTQ was developed in line with the following 4-step procedure: (1) Item construction, (2) a face-to-face evaluation of separate items, (3) an empirical pre-evaluation targeting each separate frontline service provider and (4) an empirical full-scale evaluation. The inclusion criteria for participating were that the patient must be 18 years of age or older and suspected having an acute primary healthcare problem when calling the EMS. In the final full-scale evaluation of the questionnaire, 427 patients were included. RESULTS: A set of 8 items with good psychometric properties remained through the developing procedure. Two constituents of trust emerged (labelled credibility and accessibility), which were robust across all frontline service providers. CONCLUSIONS: A new measuring instrument has been developed for this particular healthcare chain, for patients with suspected acute primary healthcare problems calling the EMS. Although not yet validated, the PTQ is a potentially useful tool in future healthcare research with reference to the concept of patient trust.

• Båsjö, Sara; Möller, Claes; Widén, Stephen; Jutengren, Göran & Kähäri, Kim (2016). Hearing thresholds, tinnitus and headphone listening habits in 9-year-old children. International Journal of Audiology. ISSN 1499-2027. 55(10), s. 587–596. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1190871. Vis sammendrag

  OBJECTIVE: Investigate hearing function and headphone listening habits in nine-year-old Swedish children. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included otoscopy, tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry, and spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAE). A questionnaire was used to evaluate headphone listening habits, tinnitus, and hyperacusis. STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 415 children aged nine years. RESULTS: The prevalence of a hearing threshold ≥20 dB HL at one or several frequencies was 53%, and the hearing thresholds at 6 and 8 kHz were higher than those at the low and mid frequencies. SOAEs were observed in 35% of the children, and the prevalence of tinnitus was 5.3%. No significant relationship between SOAE and tinnitus was found. Pure-tone audiometry showed poorer hearing thresholds in children with tinnitus and in children who regularly listened with headphones. CONCLUSIONS: The present study of hearing,listening habits, and tinnitus in nine-year old children is, to our knowledge, the largest study so far. The main findings were that hearing thresholds in the right ear were poorer in children who used headphones than in children not using them, which could be interpreted as headphone listening may have negative consequences to children’s hearing. Children with tinnitus showed poorer hearing thresholds compared to children without tinnitus.

• Abrahamsson, Birgitta; Berg, Marie-Louise U.; Jutengren, Göran & Jonsson, Annikki (2015). To recommend the local primary health-care centre or not: what importance do patients attach to initial contact quality, staff continuity and responsive staff encounters? International Journal for Quality in Health Care. ISSN 1353-4505. 27(3), s. 196–200. Vis sammendrag

  OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the circumstances associated with patients’ tendencies to recommend a primary care centre, based on four hypotheses, the initial contact’s quality, care relation-ship continuity, treatment encounter responsiveness and whether the significance of encounter responsiveness differs depending on whether the patient has been seeing a nurse or physician. DESIGN: The study is based on the patients’ self-reported responses, retrieved from the Swedish NationalPatient Survey. The design is cross-sectional, and data were analysed using a binary logistic regression. SETTING: Data were collected from three primary healthcare centres in the region of Västra Götaland, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 362 patients (62% females) having visited any of three publicly run healthcare centres in September 2010 constitute the analytical sample. Participants were fairly evenly distributed across all age groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Recommendation was captured by patients’ binary responses to the question: Would you recommend the visited primary healthcare centre? RESULTS: The hypotheses involving initial contact quality, care relationship continuity and treatment encounter responsiveness were supported by the analyses. The latter was strongly associated with patient tendency to recommend the primary healthcare centre. However, the profession (nurse or physician) involved in the treatment encounter made no difference for the predictive significance of encounter responsiveness for a patient’s tendency to recommend the healthcare centre. CONCLUSIONS: Striving for stable and responsive patient/staff relationships and an open approach to-wards patients are potentially successful strategies for primary healthcare centres seeking to attract new patients and maintain current ones.

• Strand, Jennifer; Jutengren, Göran; Kamal, Lana & Tidefors, Inga (2015). Parenting difficulties and needs described by victims and perpetrators of intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Trauma, Child Custody & Child Development. ISSN 2690-4586. 12(3-4), s. 273–288. Vis sammendrag

  Intimate partner violence (IPV) can negatively affect children's well-being and development, but few studies have looked specifically at parenting as experienced by IPV victims and abusers. Such knowledge could contribute to IPV interventions focused on parenting. The aim of this study was to gain understanding of parenting difficulties and needs of victims and perpetrators of IPV. Focus groups conducted with 16 mothers and 10 fathers showed after analysis that these parents had difficulty controlling aggression toward their children and wished to be better able to provide security for them. Insecurity about their children's reactions to the IPV also emerged. Parents seemed to seek a “roadmap” to help them interpret whether their children's behaviors were “normal.” They also wanted to share their concerns in a group of parents in the same situation, but feared being shown to be “worse” than the others or having to confront sensitive issues between group sessions.

• Magnusson, Carl; Ekebergh, Margaretha; Jutengren, Göran & Knutsson, Susanne (2014). Patientnärmre vård: En observationsstudie av sjuksköterskans tid för patientnära vård. Vård i Norden. ISSN 0107-4083. 34(4), s. 4–9. Vis sammendrag

  THE AIM: To conduct a follow up study to measure registered nurses’ time of direct patient care after implementation of patient focused care (PFC). BACKGROUND: PFC is an organizational model with the objective to increase both patient participation and health care effectiveness. After a reconstruction of wards to single bedrooms in a hospital south of Sweden. PFC was implemented to increase time for direct patient care in order to better meet patients’ needs. METHOD: Time measured observations were conducted. 20 registered nurses were observed in four different wards at a 525-bed hospital in south of Sweden after implementation of PFC. FINDINGS: In a workday of 8,5 hrs, registered nurses spend 6,8 hrs (79,8 %) with work related to patients. Time for direct care was 2 hrs (23,8 %) and time for indirect care was 4,8 hrs (56 %). Indirect care consists of categories such as documentation, report and medical round. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison before implementation of PFC, time for patient related care increased by 10,8 %. However, time is spent mainly at patient indirect care activities. It is important to also focus on a change of culture in the organization to succeed with an implementation of PFC.

• Hjalmarson, Helene V.; Jutengren, Göran & Möller, Margareta (2013). Widening the perspectives of fracture prevention in osteoporosis by identifying subgroups based upon psychological aspects and health behaviour. Health (Irvine, Calif.). ISSN 1949-4998. 5(7B). Vis sammendrag

  The potential importance of psychological aspects in relation to risk factors for fractures and preventing unhealth behaviour has rarely been investigated in the field of osteoporosis. This study explores some psychological aspects and health behaviour of people detected to have osteoporosis at the time of a forearm fracture. Moreover, it aims at revealing subgroups within this population with clinical relevance for managing secondary prevention actions. Data collection was based on questionnaires and physical tests. Eighty-five individual were analysed. The results confirm earlier research on a similar population having relatively good self-reported health behaviour. The individuals reported high quality of life, high amount of physical activity and low alcohol intake. A majority reported good osteoporosis knowledge, a high sense of coherence (mean = 74) and high activity-specific balance confidence (mean = 81). Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis indicated a typology of two subgroups where 75% matched a health-resilient group while 25% matched a health-vulnerable group. The vulnerable group had a significantly lower sense of coherence SOC (p = 0.02) and activity-specific balance confidence, ABC (p = 0.001). This pattern was confirmed from behavioural aspects but only regarding one traditional risk factor namely the history of fractures. The health-vulnerable group achieved a significantly weaker physical profile, less reported time spent outdoors and lower quality of life. The differences found between the subgroups indicate that this typology, as a complement to models based upon relative risk like FRAX, can be relevant for widening perspectives in future research and clinical practice of fracture prevention in osteoporosis.

• Dellve, Lotta; Andreasson, Jörgen & Jutengren, Göran (2013). Hur kan stödresurser understödja hållbart ledarskap bland chefer i vården? Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift (SMT). ISSN 0037-833X. 90(6), s. 866–877. Vis sammendrag

  Chefer kan ha stor betydelse för anställdas hälsa, stress, engagemang i arbetet och prestation. Få tidigare studier har undersökt vilket stöd chefer behöver för ett hållbart och bra ledarskap. Artikeln presenterar resultat från en prospektiv studie om betydelsen av chefers stödresurser för hållbart ledarskap. I studien, som är en del av Chefios-projektet, ingår chefer i kommunal vård och omsorg (n=344). Data från enkätstudier med instrumentet ”Gothenburg Manager Stress Inventory” har analyserats. Resultatet visar att ett stödjande privatliv och en personlig inställning till chefsuppdrag har stor betydelse för chefers hållbarhet över tid. Chefens kontrollspann och erfarenhet som chef påverkade betydelsen av stödresurser. För chefer med kortare chefserfarenhet eller fler underställda (>30) har även stöd från ledning, chefskollegor och externt stöd betydelse.

• Kendrick, Kristin; Jutengren, Göran & Stattin, Håkan (2012). The protective role of supportive friends against bullying perpetration and victimization. Journal of Adolescence. ISSN 0140-1971. 35(4), s. 1069–1080. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.02.014. Vis sammendrag

  A crossed-lagged regression model was tested to investigate relationships between friendship support, bullying involvement, and its consequences during adolescence. Students, 12-16 years (N = 880), were administered questionnaires twice, one year apart. Using structural equation modeling, a model was specified and higher levels of support from friends were related to lower levels of bullying and victimization one year later. Additionally, a bidirectional relationship between victimization and depression was found, and greater property crimes commission was related to higher levels of future bullying. These findings support the 'friendship protection hypothesis' and suggest the quality of support in friendships can protect against bullying victimization and perpetration. Prior research has shown that friendships can protect against victimization; however this is one of the few longitudinal studies to focus on the quality of friendship, rather than other characteristics of the friends. It is suggested that interventions should focus on increasing perceptions of support within existing friendships.

• Jutengren, Göran; Kerr, Margaret & Stattin, Håkan (2011). Adolescents' deliberate self-harm, interpersonal stress,and the moderating effects of self-regulation: A two-wave longitudinal analysis. Journal of School Psychology. ISSN 0022-4405. 49(2), s. 249–264. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2010.11.001. Vis sammendrag

  The predictive effects of peer victimization and harsh parenting on deliberate self-harm were examined. As derived from the experiential avoidance model, the study also tested whether these links were moderated by individual self-regulation approaches. Data were collected at two points in time from 880 junior high school students (mean age=13.72) in Sweden. Analyses using structural equation modeling revealed that Peer Victimization was predictive of self-harm. Although Harsh Parenting was not predictive of self-harm, this link was moderated by adolescents' gender. No moderating effect of self-regulation was revealed. The study concludes that the high prevalence of deliberate self-harm recently found in community samples of adolescents cannot be prevented without attending to environmental psychosocial factors.

• Danielsson, Nanette S.; Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus; Linton, Steven J.; Jutengren, Göran & Stattin, Håkan (2010). Neuroticism and sleep-onset: What is the long-term connection? Personality and Individual Differences. ISSN 0191-8869. 48(4), s. 463–468. Vis sammendrag

  People with sleep-onset problems often experience neuroticism. To what extent the one problem leads to the other is unknown. We used self-reported data from a Swedish longitudinal project to examine developmental links between neuroticism and sleep-onset problems. A sample of 212 people, followed from birth to midlife, was part of a cohort study spanning 37 years. Adolescent neuroticism was measured at age 16 with the High School Personality Questionnaire (HSPQ, Form A) and in midlife at age 37 with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Sleep-onset problems were measured at ages 15 to 17, 25, and 37 with items developed for the Solna Project. Adolescent neuroticism failed to predict sleep-onset problems. Instead, sleep-onset problems in adolescence and young adulthood predicted midlife neuroticism. We found that sleep-onset problems during adolescence were a direct risk for midlife neuroticism, as well as, an indirect risk through continuance of sleep-onset problems into adulthood. This study provides longitudinal support for adolescent sleep-onset problems as a potent risk factor for heightened neuroticism in midlife.

• Jutengren, Göran & Palmérus, Kerstin (2007). The potential role of conflict resolution schemas in adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Social Indicators Research. ISSN 0303-8300. 83(1), s. 25–38. Vis sammendrag

  Four specific schemas of cognitive structures that adolescents may hold concerning interpersonal disagreements with their parents were identified, each reflecting an authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or a neglecting parenting style. To examine the occurrence of such schemas across high and low levels of psychosocial adjustment, 120 Swedish adolescents (50 boys, 70 girls) (mean age = 14.76 years) indicated how their parents usually approach six potential situations involving parent–adolescent conflict. Findings show that the authoritative conflict schema (compliance as a result of mutual respect) occurred more often among well-adjusted adolescents, whereas authoritarian and indulgent conflict schemas were particularly associated with low levels of psychosocial adjustment. The concept of conflict schemas may contribute to the understanding of how various parenting styles are linked to certain developmental outcomes for the adolescent.

• Palmérus, Kerstin & Jutengren, Göran (2004). Swedish parents’ self-reported use of discipline in response to continued misconduct by their pre-school children. Infant and Child Development. ISSN 1522-7227. 13(1), s. 79–90. Vis sammendrag

  This study examined the effects that re‐occurring episodes of child transgression have on Swedish parents' use of discipline strategies. Mothers and fathers from 84 two‐parent families were interviewed about their responses to first‐ and second‐time episodes of hypothetical transgressions committed by their 3‐6‐year‐olds. The results showed that when their children did not respond to initial discipline, parents exchanged their use of verbal control for the strategies of coercion and behaviour modification and thereby increased the pressure on their children to comply. However, this finding was valid only for serious transgressions. For mild transgressions, parents' behaviour was consistent across first‐ and second‐time episodes. The conclusion that is drawn is that parents appear to be willing to follow up initial disciplining attempts. The Swedish corporal punishment ban, which has been in force since 1979, therefore appears not to have influenced parents to become permissive in their attitudes toward their children's misconduct.

• Jutengren, Göran & Palmérus, Kerstin (2002). A comparison of Swedish and US fathers’ self-reported use of parental discipline. Children & society. ISSN 0951-0605. 16(4), s. 246–259. Vis sammendrag

  Two samples (pairwise matched in terms of sex of child, age of child, and fathers' education) of fathers from Sweden (n=50) and the US (n=50) respectively were interviewed about their use of parental discipline when in conflict with their 38-66-month-olds. The results show that, compared with US fathers, Swedish fathers display a range of disciplining approaches from punitive reprimands (i.e., behaviour modification and physical punishment) to restrictive control approaches (i.e., verbal control and physical restraint). No difference was found between Swedish and US fathers in terms of their general tendency to assert compliance when their children misbehave.

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• Larsson Fallman, Sara & Jutengren, Göran (2024). Assistant nurses' attitudes and approaches toward their profession and the protected title. Vis sammendrag

  INTRODUCTION: On July 1, 2023, the professional title of assistant nurse became protected within the Swedish healthcare system. There are high expectations within the profession that the introduction of a protected title will increase its status and attract more people to pursue this career. Assistant nurses constitute Sweden's largest occupational group and have the country’s highest rate of sickness absence. Their work environment is frequently characterized by high demands and relatively low control over their work conditions. With the introduction of protected titles for assistant nurses, it is anticipated that certain duties will change. For example, all recipients of care in home care services are required to have an assigned care contact. Only assistant nurses certified by the Socialstyrelsen will qualify to serve as designated care contacts within home care services. The introduction of a protected title offers a special opportunity to track its introduction and its consequences, as well as to monitor the process and its impact on the profession over an extended period. In preparation for studying the long-term effects of the protected title, we want to look at how they view their professional role and who has applied for the protected title so far. AIM: This study aimed to gain a preliminary understanding of assistant nurses' current attitudes and approaches toward their profession and the protected professional title. METHOD: A questionnaire was distributed to part-time students at the University of Borås. The inclusion criteria for participation in the survey were that respondents were trained assistant nurses working within elderly care, home care, or nursing homes. The sample consisted of 57 assistant nurses who completed the questionnaire during the winter of 2023-2024. The assistant nurses had an average age of approximately 44 years (SD = 11.61) and possessed considerable experience in the profession (M = 15.61, SD = 11.02). Roughly half of the assistant nurses worked in home care, while the other half worked in nursing homes. RESULTS: About 60% of the assistant nurses had applied for protected professional titles. Assistant nurses in home care were more likely to have applied for protected professional titles than those in nursing homes (60 %). A Chi-Square Test was performed to assess differences between those who worked in home care or nursing home and those who had applied for a protected title. There were significant differences between the two groups, X2(1) = 4.14, p = .04. Using an 11-point scale (ranging from 0 to 10), they rated: a) how much they enjoyed their work, and b) how proud they were to be assistant nurses. The group rated both questions highly: a) M = 7.63, SD = 2.44, and b) M = 8.04, SD = 2.76. Separate Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to examine differences between those who had applied for a protected title and those who had not. The results revealed no significant differences, neither in terms of how much they enjoyed their work (z = - 0.67, p = .50) nor how proud they were to be assistant nurses (z = - 1.78, p = .08). CONCLUSIONS: Overall assistant nurses enjoy their work and take pride in their profession. There were variations in the number of assistant nurses applying for the protected title between the two groups working in home care and nursing home, yet both groups expressed equal satisfaction with their work.

• Jutengren, Göran & Larsson Fallman, Sara (2024). Is there an Emotion-Health Association among Healthcare Professionals? Vis sammendrag

  INTRODUCTION: Research indicates that health predictors vary between professions. Although nurses and healthcare assistants share a mission and similar contexts, their work situations differ in some major respects. Nurses typically have more autonomy and control over their job situations, while healthcare assistants may face less stimulating and more monotonous roles. These differences may be a source of variations in their psychosocial perceptions, which, in turn, may influence their emotional reactions. Moreover, nurses and healthcare assistants differ in socioeconomic status, potentially impacting their emotion regulation and coping strategies. Drawing from empirical research on emotions and the job demand-control-support model, understanding their impact on health status could be enhanced. PURPOSE: The overarching objective was to examine the influence of emotions on health among nurses and healthcare assistants. More specifically, we addressed the following research questions: 1. Do emotions predict health over time for healthcare workers? 2. Do potential predictive effects of emotions on health differ between nurses and healthcare assistants? METHOD: Sample. Data were retrieved from the Norwegian Life-course, Ageing and Generation Study (Veenstra et al., 2021). The analytical sample consisted of 146 nurses and 231 healthcare assistants who completed questionnaires in 2007 (T1) and 2017 (T2). At the time of T1, their age ranged from 41 to 67 years (M = 49.06, SD = 5.23). Measures. Health was assessed using the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12). Scores of physical and mental health respectively were calculated according to the manual, so that higher values indicate better health. Emotions were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, with participants rating 6 positive and 6 negative emotions experienced over the past 2 weeks. Higher values indicate higher levels of both negative and positive emotions. Statistical analyses. Data were examined using structural equation modeling with manifest variables. First, we designed a panel model to examine how positive and negative emotions affect future mental and physical health, controlling for temporal stability and cross-sectional intercorrelations. Second, we examined moderation effects of profession by comparing each path of interest across the professional groups. RESULTS: First Research Question. Our panel model had an acceptable fit to the data. The cross-lagged paths revealed that higher levels of negative emotions at T1 were associated with poorer mental health at T2 (β = -.14, p < .05), while no other associations were significant. Second Research Question. A moderation effect of profession was revealed for the association between T1 Negative Emotion and T2 Mental Health. Negative emotions were a risk factor for healthcare assistants (β = -.19, p < .01), but not for nurses (β = -.06, p = .58). A moderating effect was also revealed for the association between T1 Positive Emotions and T2 Physical Health. This association was not significant for any profession but seemed less favorable for nurses (β = -.12, p = .13) than for healthcare assistants (β = .00, p = .96). CONCLUSIONS: While emotions played a role in explaining health, this result only seemed valid for the effect of negative emotions (as opposed to positive emotions) on mental health. Furthermore, the impact of negative emotions on mental health was significant for healthcare assistants but not for nurses. Investigating the reasons why emotions can influence health in some contexts but not in others is a significant yet comprehensive task for future research. REFERENCE Veenstra, M., Herlofson, K., Aartsen, M., Hansen, T., Hellevik, T., Henriksen, G., Løset, G.K. & Vangen, H. (2021). Cohort Profile: The Norwegian life course, ageing and generation study (NorLAG). International Journal of Epidemiology, 50 (3): 728–729i, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa280.

• Medin, Eva & Jutengren, Göran (2024). “My best friend is from another country” – Mixed Methods Visual Approach to Studying Cross-Ethnic Friendship Ties in Schoolchildren. Vis sammendrag

  This study used a mixed methods approach to investigate cross-ethnic friendship ties in schoolchildren in a diverse school setting. Twenty-three elementary students, half with immigrant background, were included in a participatory visual method of friend nomination as well as individual interviews and the collection of survey data on participants’ and nominated friends’ demographic background. This approach provided a detailed picture of individuals’ and groups’ patterns of cross-ethnic friendship and social integration and conceptions of friendship while avoiding common ethical problems in this area of research. The study revealed that elementary students had more frequent friendship ties to others sharing same or similar ethnic or language backgrounds despite their beliefs that their friendships were simply based on common interests. This study can offer guidance regarding research methods for investigating multiethnic social integration and cross-ethnic friendship in schoolchildren as well as other sensitive topics with children.

• Jaldestad, Ellen; Eriksson, Andrea; Dellve, Lotta & Jutengren, Göran (2023). Hälsofrämjande job crafting i samspel med arbetserfarenhet och individuella förutsättningar bland medarbetare inom hälso- och sjukvården.
• Engwall, Marie; Persson, Hanna C & Jutengren, Göran (2022). The recovery after COVID-19 in association to respiratory function, three months after discharge from hospital.
• Jutengren, Göran & Medin, Eva (2021). Därför upplever elever att livskunskap är “obehagligt”. .
• Jutengren, Göran (2017). Gräsrotslobbyism eller medborgardialog. I Andersson, Ulrika & Bergström, Annika (Red.), En brokig gemenskap. SOM-institutet vid Göteborgs universitet. ISSN 978-91-89673-40-3. s. 49–59. Vis sammendrag

  En brokig gemenskap presenterar huvudresultaten från 2016 års västsvenska SOM-undersökning. I fokus för undersökningen står Västra Götalands invånare och deras upplevelser av hur det är att leva och verka i Västsverige. Titeln knyter an till de resultat och analyser som redovisas i boken, men också till de likheter och olikheter som präglar gemenskapen i Västra Götalands olika delar. Några av de frågor som analyseras är medborgarnas bedömningar av regional och kommunal service, erfarenheter av arbetsliv och upplevelser av mångkultur. Kulturvanor, medborgaraktivism och cirkulär ekonomi är andra områden som ligger i bokens blickfång. Flera kapitel innehåller jämförelser med tidigare års västsvenska SOM-undersökningar och med de nationella SOM-undersökningarna. I En brokig gemenskap, den 71:a forskarantologin från SOM-institutet, bidrar forskare från olika discipliner vid Göteborgs universitet och Högskolan i Borås med analyser av det västsvenska samhället. Boken innehåller också en metod- dokumentation av 2016 års västsvenska SOM-undersökning.

• Dellve, Lotta; Wolmesjö, Maria & Jutengren, Göran (2016). Hållbara chefs- och ledarskapsstrategier som utvecklar integrerade värden. I Dellve, Lotta & Wolmesjö, Maria (Red.), Ledarskap i äldreomsorgen: Att leda integrerat värdeskapande - I en röra av värden och förutsättningar . Högskolan i Borås. ISSN 978-91-88269-08-9. s. 111–118. Vis sammendrag

  Det övergripande syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva chefers etiska värderingar, dilemman och organisatoriska förutsättningar för att bedriva ett värdebaserat ledarskap i såväl kommunal som privat äldreomsorg. Det empiriska materialet består av en omfattande enkätstudie till nästan 500 studerande inom ramen för den nationella ledarutbildningen för chefer inom äldreomsorgen vid Högskolan i Borås under perioden 2013 till 2015. Utbildningen gavs på uppdrag av Socialstyrelsen och omfattade 30 högskolepoäng med två års studier på kvartsfart. Samtliga studerande var yrkesverksamma som chefer och ledare inom kommunal eller privat äldreomsorg i södra Sverige. Metoder som använts i bearbetning och analys av materialet är deskriptiva, jämförande och analytiska med regressionsmodeller och SEM-analys. Resultatet visar på att cheferna – oavsett utbildningsbakgrund, värderade följande etiska värden högst: att inte skada, respekt för individen och rätten till konfidentialitet. Värdedilemman i chefsarbetet är dock vanligt och sammanlänkat med andra utmaningar i arbetet, särskilt med utmaningar som rör hantering över organisationsnivåer (buffertproblem och containerproblem) och av olika ansvarsområden (logikkonflikter). Inom privat verksamhet skattade de medverkande cheferna värdekonflikter och andra utmaningar i lägre grad än chefer inom kommunal verksamhet. De flesta chefer var nöjda med hur de kunde fullfölja sitt ansvar för utveckling av verksamheten avseende värdegrund, kvalitet, processer, dagligt arbete, brukarmedverkan, brukarsäkerhet och arbetsmiljö. De flesta skattade också att de arbetade i mycket hög grad med strukturering och utveckling av dessa frågor. Stödresurser minskade upplevelsen av värdekonflikter, men det fanns skillnad i betydelsen relaterat till chefers grundprofession. Det organisatoriska stödet var också tydligare för chefer inom privat verksamhet. Organiserade stödresurser hade stor betydelse för hållbart integrerat och värdeskapande ledarskap samt för aktiva ledningsstrategier. Även sambandet mellan hållbart ledarskap och aktiva ledarstrategier modererades av grundprofession, där sambandet var moderat negativt för chefer med social grundutbildning. Det tycks således finnas ett utbildningsbehov bland äldreomsorgens chefer och behov av ett utvecklat stöd från arbets- givaren då det varierar avseende omfattning, inriktning och nivå mellan kommunal och privat verksamhet. Sammanfattningsvis har chefer i äldreomsorgen många olika värden, på olika nivåer och utifrån olika perspektiv att förhålla sig till i sitt ledarskap. Att hantera och utveckla förståelse för dessa är utmanande i chefskapet och värdedilemman är vanliga. Majoriteten av cheferna i denna studie beskriver dock generellt en aktiv och god hantering och organisering av dessa. Konstateras att en integrerad förståelse och hantering, samt goda organisatoriska stödresurser tycks bidra till mer hållbart och värdeskapande ledarskap.

• Dellve, Lotta; Jutengren, Göran & Ahlborg, Gunnar (2014). Chefsspecifika stressorer och stödresurser – betydelse för hållbart ledarskap bland chefer i vård och omsorg. I Härenstam, Annika & Östebo, Anders (Red.), Chefskapets förutsättningar och konsekvenser – Metoder och resultat från CHEFiOS projektet – slutrapport del 1 (ISM-rapport 14:1). Institutet för stressmedicin. s. 85–108. Vis sammendrag

  INLEDNING: Chefer och ledarskap kan ha en avgörande betydelse för anställdas hälsa, välbefinnande, stress, engagemang i arbetet och prestation. Det finns idag flera publicerade studier som har identifierat vilka egenskaper, kvaliteter och ledarskapsstilar som har bäst betydelse för olika önskvärda utfall i verksamheten och medarbetares hälsa och arbetsinsats (se t ex översiktartikarna Skakon m fl 2010, Döös & Nyberg, 2009). Det finns dock inte lika många studier om vilka förutsättningar som har avgörande betydelse för att chefer ska kunna vara goda ledare och ha ett hållbart arbetsliv. Med detta som utgångspunkt genomfördes flera kvalitativa studier om chefers arbete, stress, handlingsstrategier och behov av stöd i arbetet, inom offentliga vårdorganisationer. Med data, resultat och teoretiska modeller från de kvalitativa studierna utvecklade en forskargrupp, under en 10-årsperiod, ett chefsspecifikt och förändringskänsligt frågeinstrument (Eklöf, et la 2010). I samband med Chefios-projektet gavs möjlighet att testa instrumentet i prospektiva studier. Detta kapitel fokuserar chefer inom kommunal vård och omsorg: chefspecifika stressorer, stödresurser, att vilja stanna kvar i chefspositionen samt chefers egen hälsa och hållbarhet. SYFTE: Syftet är att undersöka förekomst av arbetsförhållanden, särskilt belastningar och stödresurser för chefer i kommunal vård- och omsorg samt hur dessa villkor påverkar chefers vilja att stanna kvar i chefspositionen och hälsorelaterad hållbarhet (med hänsyn tagen till chefserfarenhet, chefsposition och kontrollspann). Med hållbarhet menas här chefers egen hälsa, arbetsförmåga, symtom, stress, energi, överbelastning och balanserad arbetsnärvaro.

• Szücs, Stefan; Dellve, Lotta & Jutengren, Göran (2014). Pathways of reorganization, leadership and long-term sickness absence due to mental diagnosis among local government public sector employees in Sweden 1998-2012. Vis sammendrag

  The aim is to study local variation in long-term sickness absence due to mental diagnosis among local government public sector employees during a fifteen year period (1998-2012) and its relation to reported larger reorganizations of local government public services in the periods of 2000-2004, 2006-2008 and 2010-2012. Longitudinal cluster analysis of ecological data is performed on the incidence of 90 days or longer sickness absence including new disability pensions each year between 1998 and 2012, generating clusters of municipalities with lower and higher incidence of sickness absence across the period studied. Aggregate data from surveys performed in 2004, 2008 and 2012 with the leading political, administrative and union representatives in all of the 290 municipal level local governments in Sweden on organizational change are used in logistic regression analysis to elucidate whether there are significant effects of different types of organizational change and leadership during the reorganization on mental sickness rates across time. The analysis is performed with control for organizational complexity of larger cities (residential cities and those with over 50.000 inhabitants), population size generally, and municipality unemployment levels. The results indicate statistically significant effects of both organizational changes reported 2004, 2008 and 2012, as well as leadership reported in 2012, on top of the impact of large scale organizational complexity. Large scale organizational complexity, as well as general organizational change pressure and mandatory management of work place meetings all tend to increase the probability for long-term sickness absence due to mental diagnosis. In contrast, organizational change guided by specific characteristics with regard to implementation within an organizational field (social care in 2008), as well as specific leadership by targeted manager-employee communication, tends to significantly reduce long-term sickness absence. These findings suggest two alternative pathways of reducing mental stress leading to long-term sickness absence for local governments during large scale reorganization: implementation within an organizational field, and managerial work-place policies based on personalized leadership communication.

• Jutengren, Göran & Palmérus, Kerstin (2001). Parental use of physical punishment and the role of authoritarian conflict schemas as a mediator of the link to adolescent self-concept.
• Jutengren, Göran & Palmérus, Kerstin (1998). Agreement between adolescents’ and parents’ attitudes to parental authority.
• Palmérus, Kerstin & Jutengren, Göran (1997). The effects of context on parental discipline.
• Eriksson, Andrea; Dellve, Lotta; Jaldestad, Ellen; Jutengren, Göran & Tjulin, Åsa (2020). Lärande för hållbar verksamhetsutveckling: En forskningsbaserad handbok om att skapa förutsättningar för ett lärandeklimat som bidrar till hälsa och engagemang. Författarna. ISSN 978-91-7873-611-9.
• Lundberg Rodin, Margareta & Jutengren, Göran (2018). Tidiga insatser för ökad skolnärvaro: Utvärdering av ett socialt investeringsprojekt (FoU Sjuhärad Välfärd, Rapport nr 38). Högskolan i Borås. ISSN 978-91-85025-34-3.
• Szücs, Stefan; Dellve, Lotta; Björk, Lisa; Härenstam, Annika; Jutengren, Göran & Ljungblad, Cecilia (2015). Organisatoriska vägar till hälsa: Långsiktigt hållbart förändringsarbete och chefskap i kommuner. Slutrapport till AFA Försäkring Forskningsprojekt (Dnr: 100280).
• Medin, Eva & Jutengren, Göran (2015). Utvärdering av projektet Hela Skolan: Skol- och socialtjänstbaserat integrationsarbete (FoU Sjuhärad Välfärd, Rapport nr 35). Högskolan i Borås. ISSN 978-91-85025-31-2.
• Jutengren, Göran (2004). Parental control and adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Göteborg university. Vis sammendrag

  The study tested the widespread contention that parental control promotes adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Mothers and fathers from 64 Swedish families with an adolescent (mean age = 14.76 years) were interviewed to ascertain how they would respond in six hypothetical situations where their adolescent challenged common parental expectations. Responses indicative of parental monitoring and firm control were correlated to self-reported adolescent adjustment in the areas of relationships with peers and parents, academic performance, physical appearance, and psychological well-being. The results revealed a significant association between monitoring by fathers and adolescents’ positive relationships with others. However, no support for other associations between parental control and adolescent adjustment were revealed. The study raises concerns about the way in which parental control commonly is operationalized.

• Jutengren, Göran (2000). Skaparprojektet — En utvärdering av mål och metoder i ett arbetsmarknadsprojekt för arbetslösa funktionshindrade personer. Utvärderingsrapport från Skaparprojektet, Ale kommun. Ale kommun. Vis sammendrag

  Föreliggande slutrapport ingår som en del i utvärderingen av Ale kommuns Skaparprojekt för arbetshandikappade personer. Projektet är ett Employment-projekt inom ramen för svenska EU-programkontorets Horizonprogram (Dnr: 06929-1997; EU-nr: H-1997-S-501). Ledare för projektet har varit Lennart Bergius, Arbetsmarknadsenheten, Ale kommun, S-449 80 Alafors.

• Jutengren, Göran (1999). Arbetsmotivation: En jämförelse mellan arbets- och åldersgrupper samt en utprovning av en teoribaserad modell. Rapport från förbättringsarbete. Ericsson Microwave Systems. Vis sammendrag

  I undersökningen som redovisas i föreliggande rapport besvarade 59 medarbetare på avselningen för maskinell ytmontering vid EMWs Boråsfabrik frågor om arbetsmotivation, stressnivå, tendens till att säga upp sig, samt önskemål om trivselhöjande åtgärder. Huvudsyftet var att pröva giltigheten hos den integrerade teoribaserade modell som låg till grund för konstruktionen av en enkät om arbetsmotivation. Ett aannat intresse i undersökningen gällde huruvida det fanns skillnader mellan olika arbetsgrupper eller mellan olika åldersgrupper på avdelningen. Resultatet visade att både den teoribaserade modellen och frågorna i motivationsenkäten uppfyllde kraven på statistisk kvalité, men att frågorna med fördel skulle kunna modifieras något. Resultatet i övrigt visade att avselningens 5 arbetsgrupper med maskinoperatörer såväl som gruppen av tekniker var likvärdiga med avseende på arbetsmotivation, men att medarbetare äldre än 35 år uppfattade och identifierade sig med avdelningens gruppnormer i högre grad än yngre. Bland de trivselhöjande åtgärder som efterfrågades var enigheten kring fysisk arbetsmiljö (framförallt lägre ljudnivå) och anställningstrygghet särskilt stor. I rapporten diskuteras också ett antal förhållanden som bör beaktas då man önskar höja medarbetarnas motivation i arbetet.

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